Search results for keyword: bureaucracy
"Kao Gong Ji"
Examination for Civil Service
The Examination for Civil Service (called as the Ke Gong Ji in Chinese) is a system of competitive attention and essential academic knowledge to government bureaucracy. Imperial officials in China are usually selected through a range of examinations and tests that ha......
1066 
Grace
Slagging system
The Spoils System
The spoils system is a name given to the process of appointing individuals to government offices on the basis of political loyalty. It is a particular practice in the United States, although similar systems have been adopted in other countries. Those appointed with the spoils sy......
Iron body
The Iron Cage
Social theorist Max Weber famously coined the term “iron cage” to describe the psychological and economic effects of the industrial revolution on individuals. This phrase is used to describe the sense of entrapment and confinement that comes with the intensification of the bureauc......
Alderfer ERG needs theory
Erg Theory
Erg theory is a type of production and organization theory that focuses on how people interact in the workplace. It explains how organizations can best use their resources and employees to achieve their goals. The concept was introduced by American economist John R. Commons in 1961 and ......
mixed ownership enterprise
A mixed economy is an economic system that combines characteristics of the different economic systems—market, command, and traditional economies. It provides a wider economic freedom while also allowing government involvement in the management of the economy. Mixed economies have elements of both......
SMEs
Small Enterprise
Small enterprise is a business that is typically independently owned and operated and produces either goods or services. Small enterprises have some distinct advantages over large businesses, such as being able to adapt to changes in the market quickly, agility and flexibility. Sm......
Technological Innovation Theory
Technical Innovation Theory
Technical innovation is a concept used to describe the process of creating, developing, and implementing new ideas, methods and solutions to problems. It usually involves the modification of existing technology and the development of entirely new technology. This can b......
State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council
State Asset Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council
State Asset Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council (SASAC) is the main bureaucracy charged with managing the vast state-owned assets of the Chinese government. Established in 2003, SASAC has been ta......
EFTA
European Free Trade Association
The European Free Trade Association (EFTA) is an inter-governmental organization promoting preferential private sector trade across Europe. It was established on 3 May 1960 and has its headquarters in Geneva. Currently, the EFTA has 4 countries as members, namely I......
departmentalization
Introduction
In the modern organization, departmentalization will occur as part of the communication process. Departmentalization refers to the process of dividing up an organization’s operations into departments or divisions. Each of these departments have their own responsibilities and tasks t......
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