Low temperature mechanical properties of 0Cr25Ni20 (AISI310S), 00Cr25Ni20 (310L) and 00Cr25Ni20Nb

Low temperature mechanical properties of 0Cr25Ni20 (AISI310S), 00Cr25Ni20 (310L) and 00Cr25Ni20Nb

Abstract

The low temperature mechanical properties of 0Cr25Ni20 (AISI310S), 00Cr25Ni20 (310L) and 00Cr25Ni20Nb austenitic stainless steels have been studied by tensile testing. Results show that the 0Cr25Ni20 (AISI310S) steel has a good mechanical properties and the strength and elongation of 0Cr25Ni20 (AISI310S) steel decrease as temperature decreased. The 00Cr25Ni20 (310L) steel has better ductility and shock resistance than 0Cr25Ni20 (AISI310S) steel. The addition of niobium to 00Cr25Ni20 (310L) steel can reduce the cold brittleness. The lowest temperature of 0Cr25Ni20 (AISI310S), 00Cr25Ni20 (310L) and 00Cr25Ni20Nb were -200℃, -150℃, and -50℃ respectively.

Introduction

Austenitic stainless steels show excellent corrosion resistance and good mechanical properties at ambient temperature. Their properties are affected by temperature to a significant degree, due to the fact that their crystalline structure changes depending on the temperature. Therefore, it is of great importance to investigate the mechanical behavior of austenitic stainless steels at low temperatures. In this paper, tensile tests were performed on 0Cr25Ni20 (AISI310S), 00Cr25Ni20 (310L) and 00Cr25Ni20Nb austenitic stainless steels at temperatures ranging from -200℃ through 0℃. The mechanical properties of these materials in the low temperature range are characterized.

Experimental

Three different austenitic stainless steels were used in this study: 0Cr25Ni20 (AISI310S), 00Cr25Ni20 (310L) and 00Cr25Ni20Nb. The compositions of these steels are shown in Table 1. The nominal thickness of the cold-rolled sheet for each alloy was 1.5mm. Tensile tests were conducted on cold-rolled sheet samples in accordance with the procedures specified in ASTM E8M-03 [1]. The tensile tests were performed using an Instron 8874 universal testing machine at a cross-head speed of 0.5mm/min. room temperature (25℃). The specimens were grabbed on 20mm gauge length and the length of the specimen was 50mm. The tests were conducted at low temperatures from -200℃ to 0℃ and the temperature was decreased in increments of 25℃.

Results and discussion

The tensile test results of 0Cr25Ni20 (AISI310S), 00Cr25Ni20 (310L) and 00Cr25Ni20Nb austenitic stainless steels at different temperatures are presented in Tables 2, 3 and 4, respectively. The tensile strengths of the austenitic stainless steels decrease as the test temperature is lowered. The 0Cr25Ni20 (AISI310S) steel has a high strength at -200℃. However, the strength decreases rapidly with decreasing test temperature. The 0Cr25Ni20 (AISI310S) steel exhibits an ultralow temperature ductility of 35% at -200℃. In comparison to 0Cr25Ni20 (AISI310S) steel, the 00Cr25Ni20 (310L) steel has a better ductility and shock resistance, with a ductility of 68% and a yield strength of 41MPa at -150℃. The lowest temperature at which 00Cr25Ni20 (310L) steel can retain its mechanical properties is -150℃. The addition of niobium to 00Cr25Ni20 (310L) steel reduces the cold brittleness, as is evidenced by an elongation of 37% and a yield strength of 94MPa at -50℃.

Conclusion

The low temperature mechanical properties of 0Cr25Ni20 (AISI310S), 00Cr25Ni20 (310L) and 00Cr25Ni20Nb austenitic stainless steels have been investigated. Compared with 0Cr25Ni20 (AISI310S) steel, the 00Cr25Ni20 (310L) steel has better ductility and shock resistance. The addition of niobium to 00Cr25Ni20 (310L) steel reduces the cold brittleness. The lowest temperature of 0Cr25Ni20 (AISI310S), 00Cr25Ni20 (310L) and 00Cr25Ni20Nb were -200℃, -150℃, and -50℃ respectively.

References

[1] ASTM E8M-03, Standard Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, 2006.

Introduction

AISI310S, 310L and 00Cr25Ni20Nb are three different stainless steel materials. They have different chemical compositions and mechanical properties at low temperatures. This paper will introduce their low-temperature mechanical properties.

AISI310S

AISI310S is an austenitic stainless steel with a higher percentage of chromium and nickel, which is known for its excellent corrosion resistance, creep strength, and oxidation resistance. It has excellent mechanical properties at room temperature and at temperatures below -200°C, including excellent resistance to stress corrosion cracking, good toughness, good ductility and high hardness.

310L

310L is an iron-based austenitic stainless steel. Compared with 310S, it has a higher percentage of nickel and a lower percentage of chromium, resulting in greater corrosion resistance, better strength and toughness, better ductility and higher hardness at low temperatures. It is suitable for applications that require resistance to acid corrosion and oxidation at low temperatures.

00Cr25Ni20Nb

00Cr25Ni20Nb is a low-carbon version of 310S stainless steel, which has higher mechanical strength and better weldability than the original alloy. The addition of niobium further improves the heat resistance and stress corrosion resistance at low temperatures.

Conclusion

AISI310S, 310L and 00Cr25Ni20Nb all have excellent low-temperature mechanical properties. They can be used in various applications that require excellent corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance and stress corrosion resistance at low temperatures.