Tungsten is a chemical element that is predominantly used for its high melting point and strength. It is commonly used in industrial applications, and has been used for the fabrication of semiconductors, mobile phone and computer components, radio frequency transistors, and other electrical and electronics components. Tungsten has also been used extensively in the medical sector as an alloy in medical implants and as a component material in medical devices.
Tungsten is also used in electron beam welding, also known as electron beam melting (EBM). EB welding involves the melting of an object or work piece by concentrating a beam of high-energy electrons directly on the object or work piece. By focusing this beam of electrons onto a small area of the object or work piece, it can reach temperatures of up to 3,500°C and allow for the fusion of two or more parts without applying additional heat. EB welding is used for the welding and bonding of small areas such as narrow seams, where precision and accuracy are of the utmost importance. It can also be used for joining materials of different types (for example, metal to plastic and metal to glass etc.).
The electron beam welding process typically begins with the selection of the correct welding parameters for the objects that are to be welded. A tungsten filament is then placed in the welding chamber, and the electron beam is released from the filament by a high volt electric field. This beam accelerates towards the objects at speeds up to 10,000 m/s-1, and when it impacts the surface of the objects, the objects are melted and fused together. The electron beam is then rotated around the object or work piece in order to ensure complete fusion of the two parts.
The advantage of electron beam welding compared to other forms of welding is that it can be more precise, allowing for the welding of more intricate parts. It also has a greater capacity for the welding of dissimilar materials, as the electron beam is capable of reaching extremely high temperatures that other welding processes may not be able to achieve. EB welding is also more efficient, using less electricity than other forms of welding, as only a small area needs to be heated.
Despite the advantages of EB welding, there are also some drawbacks. EB welding is typically more expensive than other forms of welding, and is also limited in terms of size, as the area that can be welded is usually restricted. Additionally, EB welding can experience higher levels of distortion and cracking, meaning that tighter welding parameters need to be used, resulting in slower welding times.
Overall, electron beam melting is a very effective welding process for the welding of objects or work pieces that require precision and accuracy. It is an efficient and cost-effective way of joining small parts, and is suitable for the welding of dissimilar materials. However, it is important to be aware of the limitations of EB welding, as well as the potential risks of distortion and cracking that may occur.
