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Introduction
Melting Point or Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) is a welding process that uses a non-consumable tungsten electrode and a powder mixed shielding gas to create a weld. This process is widely used in the construction of aircraft and automotive components, as well as in the fabrication of pipes and other heavy machinery. The gas tungsten arc welding process is often used in situations where a high degree of precision and control is necessary, as the process is considered to be one of the most precise manual welding processes.
History
Gas Tungsten Arc Welding was first developed in 1926 in Russia by two engineers named Alexei Merkulov and Yakov Urmine. They developed a process which used a tungsten electrode to heated a material by electricity, which allowed for more precise control over the welding process than other methods. The process quickly spread throughout Europe, and it eventually made its way to the United States in the late 1930s. The process has since grown to become one of the most popular welding processes, and has been used in many applications from the aerospace industry to the water treatment industry.
Process
The process of Gas Tungsten Arc Welding is quite simple and straightforward. A tungsten electrode, which is a non-consumable rod of tungsten alloy, is used to heat the surface of the material that is being welded. Gas is then introduced, usually in the form of a powder mixed gases such as helium, argon, or carbon dioxide, which acts as a shielding gas that protects the weld from oxidation, contamination, and air. As the weld is heated, it produces a molten puddle that is guided by the tungsten electrode, which allows the welder to create the desired shape and size of the weld.
Types
Gas Tungsten Arc Welding can be performed using a number of different techniques and gases. The most commonly used technique is known as Autogenous Welding, which does not require a filler material. This technique is typically used on thin sheets of metal, as the weld can be melted and manipulated by the tungsten electrode without any additional material being added.
Inert Gas Shielded Welding is a technique that uses an inert gas such as argon or helium to protect the weld from oxidation and contamination. This technique is often used for aluminum, stainless steel, and other materials that are prone to oxidation.
Welding parameters
When performing the Gas Tungsten Arc Welding process, there are several key welding parameters which must be taken into consideration. These include the Amperage, which determines the current flow through the tungsten electrode, and the Voltage, which is a measure of the amount of heat produced by the arc. The choice of shielding gas also affects the weld quality, as the gas mixture must be balanced in order to achieve the desired weld characteristics.
Safety
Gas Tungsten Arc Welding can be a dangerous process, as it involves high temperatures and powerful electric currents. As such, proper safety precautions must be taken when performing the process. This includes the use of the appropriate protective clothing, including a welding helmet, gloves, and a protective covering for the eyes. In addition, the work area must be free from combustible materials and the welding machine must be properly grounded.
Conclusion
Gas Tungsten Arc Welding is a welding process that is used for a variety of applications, from aerospace to automotive. The process involves a non-consumable tungsten electrode and a powder mixed shielding gas, and it can provide a greater degree of precision and control compared to other welding processes. The welding parameters must be carefully adjusted to ensure the desired weld characteristics, and safety precautions must be taken to ensure the safety of the welder.
