Introduction
Tungsten is an extremely hard, rare metal that has the highest melting point of any metal found in nature at 3,422°C (6,192°F). It also has a very low thermal conductivity and an extremely high thermal expansion coefficient, making it a popular choice for use in a variety of high-temperature applications. Tungsten has several unique properties that make it ideal for use in industrial and military applications, including its excellent hardness, strength, and resistance to oxidation and corrosion. It is also used in various types of electrical components, such as switching transistorized circuits, electrical motors, and generator windings.
History
Tungsten was first discovered in 1783 by a Swedish chemist and geochemist named Carl Wilhelm Scheele. He discovered a mineral called wolframite, which contained the metal tungsten, and he was the first to isolate and identify the element. However, it was not until 1854 when two German scientists, Ferdinand Reich and Theodor Richter, successfully isolated tungsten in its pure form. The name tungsten was derived from the Swedish phrase tung sten, which means heavy stone.
Chemical properties
Tungsten has a very high melting point, which makes it very difficult to cast or machine. It also has a high density, which gives it a heavy feel when handled. It is a silvery white metal that is very durable and resistant to corrosion and oxidation. It is also highly resistant to acids and alkalis, so it can be used in a variety of applications.
Physical properties
Tungsten is one of the densest substances on the planet, and has one of the highest melting points of any metal on Earth. It is more difficult to melt than other metals, and has an extremely high boiling point of 5730°C (10,346°F). It is also a strong metal that is very hard and brittle.
Uses
Tungsten has many uses in industrial and military applications. It is widely used in electrode materials for welding and cutting, and in high-temperature furnace heating elements. It is also used as an alloying element in steel to increase strength, hardness, and electrical conductivity, and is also used to make filaments for light bulbs and other electrical components. Tungsten is also used to make military and aerospace parts, such as nozzles and exhaust chambers.
Safety
Tungsten is a safe material to handle, as long as proper precautions are taken. It should be stored in a dry, well-ventilated area and away from any sources of heat or sparks. When working with tungsten, it is important to wear protective clothing and personal protective equipment, such as goggles and gloves.
Conclusion
Tungsten is an extremely hard, rare metal with a very high melting point, making it ideal for use in a variety of industrial and military applications. It is a strong, durable metal that is highly resistant to corrosion and oxidation, making it a popular choice for use in electrode material, furnace heating elements, and electrical components. It is also used as an alloying element in steel to increase strength, hardness, and electrical conductivity. While it is a safe material to handle, it is important to take proper precautions when working with tungsten to ensure the safety of those handling it.
