摘要
China Maritime Law, which was adopted in 1987, governs all activities related to maritime navigation and trade in the Peoples Republic of China, including the import and export of goods, the formation and registration of vessels, and the settlement of disputes arising from them. It also regulates maritime insurance, towage, shipbuilding, and other activities related to maritime transportation.
The law is divided into six parts and fifty-eight articles, covering a variety of topics including the operation of shipping businesses, the registration of ships and the settlement of disputes. It sets forth the criteria for determining foreign and domestic warships, and aims to protect the publics rights in maritime commerce. In addition, the law requires shipbuilders and their agents to comply with safety standards and environmental regulations, and outlines the protection of Chinas exclusive economic zones.
The law requires owners of vessels to take out insurance and also sets out who is liable in the case of maritime accidents. All personnel aboard a vessel must adhere to certain rules and regulations, including compulsory navigation skills and the proper use of machinery. The law also states that international treaties and conventions related to shipping should be observed.
In the event of marine accidents, China Maritime Law provides for compensation for economic losses and damages. The Court of Co-adjudication or the court at a higher level may hear a complaint from the owner and make an appropriate judgment. The Maritime Safety Administration is responsible for implementing the law and has the power to inspect vessels and impose sanctions for non-compliance.
In conclusion, the China Maritime Law provides a comprehensive framework for maritime activities. It seeks to protect the publics rights, to ensure safety and compliance with standards, and to provide a legal framework for settling disputes. The law is regularly updated to reflect changes in technology, economics and international law.
