Rolling Contact Fatigue Damage from Structural Plasticity
The theory of structural plasticity has long been studied as it applies to the design and analysis of components and structures in engineering, including rolling contact fatigue damages such as spalling and surface pitting. This paper examines the history of research and advances that have been made in this area, along with a summary of the current state of the art. It then discusses two of the most widely used structural plasticity equations which are appropriate for modeling rolling contact fatigue damage.
The concept of structural plasticity has been around since the turn of the century. It is a branch of mechanical engineering that deals with the ability of materials to change shape due to applied forces. The forces can range from temperature changes to stress, strain, and creep. The material properties that cause the shape changes include hardness, stiffness, and strength. In general, structural plasticity is concerned with the response of metals and other materials when they are subjected to various types of external loading.
Structural plasticity includes diverse topics such as elasticity and plasticity of materials, finite element methods, numerical simulations, failure criteria, and constitutive models. Research in this area has expanded greatly over the past century, particularly in the applications of finite element methods and numerical modeling. There is now an extensive body of literature on the subject available to engineers and scientists.
In terms of applications, structural plasticity has been used to study and model rolling contact fatigue damage due to cyclic loading on components and surfaces. This type of fatigue damage is common in engineering applications and can cause spalling, surface pitting, and other defects. In order to accurately model and predict rolling contact fatigue, engineers and researchers must understand the nature and behavior of the materials subject to fatigue. This requires accurate constitutive models that describe the response of the material under the cyclic loading conditions.
The two most widely used constitutive equations for rolling contact fatigue are the Drucker-Prager (DP) and the Armstrong-Frederick (AF) equations. Both of these equations are based on the same underlying principles and have been studied extensively in the literature.
The DP equation is a plasticity equation used to describe the stress-strain behavior of metals under loading conditions. This equation is an adaptation of Druckers original formulation and is commonly used to model rolling contact fatigue damage. It has the advantage of being relatively simple and is widely accepted for engineering applications.
The AF equation is an extension of the DP equation that is used for calculating rolling contact fatigue. This equation has been widely accepted as one of the best mathematical models available for studying rolling contact fatigue. The AF equation provides a more detailed description of the stress-strain behavior of materials and is readily applicable to modeling rolling contact fatigue damage.
In conclusion, structural plasticity is a branch of engineering that has been utilized to study and model rolling contact fatigue damage. The two most widely accepted constitutive equations used to model this damage are the Drucker-Prager and the Armstrong-Frederick equations. Both of these equations are based on the same basic principles and are commonly accepted as being accurate in their descriptions of the behavior of metals under cyclic loading conditions.
