Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) are basic daily activities that people living in the community need to perform. The activities include bathing, dressing, eating, transferring (getting in and out of bed or chair), toileting, and continence (urine and stool control). ADLs are necessary in order to participate in daily activities, gain independence and remain healthy.
ADLs can be divided into two categories: basic activities of daily living and instrumental activities of daily living. Basic activities of daily living (BADLs) involve activities necessary for daily self-care, such as bathing, dressing, and toileting. Instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) involve activities necessary for independent living, such as shopping, using a telephone or using public transportation.
ADLs can be measured in a variety of ways. The most widely used and accepted measure of ADLs is the Activities of Daily Living (ADL) Matrix. The ADL Matrix is a form of assessment that is used to measure a persons ability to perform daily tasks. The matrix consists of two parts: (1) the Basic ADLs and (2) the Instrumental ADLs.
For each activity, the matrix assigns a point value based on the level of disability, as well as the amount of assistance needed by the person to complete the task. The point values range from 0 to 2, with 0 being fully independent, 1 being partially dependent and 2 being completely dependent on another person for assistance.
ADLs are important to assess because they provide valuable information about a persons ability to function in their everyday life. This information is often used by health care providers to make decisions regarding a patients care, such as the type and amount of assistance they need.
The ADL Matrix is an excellent tool for measuring and recording a persons ability to perform activities of daily living. It is a valid measure that offers both objective and subjective insight into the functioning of individuals. Additionally, the ADL Matrix provides information that can assist in determining interventions and services that are appropriate for supporting and promoting the independence of individuals. Ultimately, the ADL Matrix is an important tool for ensuring that individuals receive the adequate care and support they need to function optimally in their day-to-day lives.
