Low Chromium Ferritic Stainless Steels 0Cr11Ti (AISI 409) and 00Cr11Ti (AISI 409L) Forming Performance
Introduction
Stainless steels are widely used in many engineering applications due to the material’s superior corrosion resistance, superior strength and superior formability. Low chromium ferritic stainless steels have excellent corrosion resistance, making them an ideal choice for certain applications in the food processing and automotive industries. The two low chromium ferritic stainless steels discussed in this paper are 0Cr11Ti (AISI 409) and 00Cr11Ti (AISI 409L). This paper will discuss the chemical composition, forming properties, and applications of these two stainless steels.
Chemical Composition
0Cr11Ti (AISI 409) is a low chromium, ferritic stainless steel with 11.5% chromium content, titanium oxide (TiO2) and nitrogen (N) additions. The addition of N increases the metal’s corrosion resistance, while the presence of TiO2 improves the metal’s formability compared to other ferritic stainless steels. Other alloying elements include manganese (Mn) and silicon (Si).
00Cr11Ti (AISI 409L) is a low chromium, ferritic stainless steel with 10.5% chromium content and titanium oxide (TiO2) additions. As with 0Cr11Ti (AISI 409), the addition of nitrogen and titanium oxide improves the metal’s corrosion resistance and formability compared to other ferritic stainless steels. Other alloying elements include manganese and silicon.
Forming Properties
0Cr11Ti (AISI 409) and 00Cr11Ti (AISI 409L) are low chromium, ferritic stainless steels that have excellent forming properties. Both materials can be hot and cold formed easily, with cold formability being the superior of the two. The materials have superior forming capabilities due to the combination of their low chromium content and additions of titanium oxide and nitrogen. The combination of these two elements enable formability, even in complex shapes, without sacrificing overall strength and durability.
In addition to the materials’ superior forming properties, both 0Cr11Ti (AISI 409) and 00Cr11Ti (AISI 409L) respond well to surface treatments such as shot blasting and polishing. These treatments increase the surface finish and improve the aesthesis of the form.
Applications
Due to their excellent corrosion resistance and forming properties, 0Cr11Ti (AISI 409) and 00Cr11Ti (AISI 409L) are commonly used in the automotive industry. The materials can be used to manufacture parts such as exhaust pipes and components, as well as trim and décor applications.
In the food processing industry, these materials are used in equipment that comes into contact with food in order to preserve the food’s flavor, texture and scent. Examples include food processing equipment such as mixing bowls, cutlery, cooking vats and refrigeration units.
Conclusion
Low chromium ferritic stainless steels 0Cr11Ti (AISI 409) and 00Cr11Ti (AISI 409L) are excellent materials for many applications that require corrosion resistance, strength and formability. Due to the combination of their low chromium content and titanium oxide and nitrogen additions, these materials offer excellent formability, even in complex shapes, without sacrificing overall strength and durability. The materials are also well suited for many automotive and food processing applications.
