Abstract
This article reviews the mechanical properties of wires, focusing on the characterization of their tensile strength properties and their fatigue properties when subject to cyclic loading. A description of the main failure modes for wires is also provided. This knowledge is important for the design and use of wires in a range of applications.
Introduction
The mechanical properties of wires are important for their use in a range of applications, such as electrical conductors, pressure clamps and dental wires. These properties are characterised by their tensile strength and fatigue strength under cyclic loading. Thus, it is important to understand the behaviour of wires when subject to mechanical stresses.
Tensile Strength of Wires
The tensile strength of a wire is the maximum stress that can be applied to it before it breaks. The strength of a wire is determined by its diameter and material composition. Thicker wires are normally stronger than thinner ones. Higher strength materials, such as stainless steel and titanium, have higher strength values than Nickel, copper and aluminum.
The tensile strength of a wire is usually measured in kilopascals (kPa). However, some wires are rated in other units such as pounds per square inch (psi).
Fatigue Strength of Wires
The fatigue strength of a wire is defined as the load at which a wire fails due to repeated loads. This load is typically much lower than the wire’s tensile strength. The fatigue strength of a wire can vary significantly depending on the number of loading cycles and the magnitude of the load.
The fatigue strength of a wire is usually measured using a fatigue test. This test involves subjecting the wire to a cyclic loading until failure. The number of loading cycles to failure is then measured and used to calculate the fatigue strength of the wire.
Failure Modes of Wires
There are three main failure modes for wires: fracture, fatigue and plastic deformation. Fracture is the most common mode of failure for wires, especially under high loads. Fatigue failure occurs when the wire has been repetitively loaded below its ultimate strength, resulting in a propagation of cracks. Plastic deformation occurs when a wire is subjected to a load that is larger than the yield strength of the material, resulting in permanent deformation of the wire.
Conclusion
In conclusion, understanding the mechanical properties of wires is important for their design, selection and use. Knowing the tensile strength, fatigue strength and failure modes of wires is key to successful application of these materials.
英文原文
Abstract
This article reviews the mechanical properties of wires, focusing on the characterization of their tensile strength properties and their fatigue properties when subject to cyclic loading. A description of the main failure modes for wires is also provided. This knowledge is important for the design and use of wires in a range of applications.
Introduction
The mechanical properties of wires are important for their use in a range of applications, such as electrical conductors, pressure clamps and dental wires. These properties are characterized by their tensile strength and fatigue strength under cyclic loading. Thus, it is important to understand the behaviour of wires when subject to mechanical stresses.
Tensile Strength of Wires
The tensile strength of a wire is the maximum stress that can be applied to it before it breaks. The strength of a wire is determined by its diameter and material composition. Generally, thicker wires are stronger than thinner ones. Materials with higher strength, such as stainless steel and titanium, have higher tensile strength values than Nickel, copper and aluminum.
The tensile strength of a wire is usually measured in kilopascals (kPa). However, some wires are rated in other units such as pounds per square inch (psi).
Fatigue Strength of Wires
The fatigue strength of a wire is defined as the load at which a wire fails due to repeated loads. This load is typically much lower than the wire’s tensile strength. The fatigue strength of a wire can vary significantly depending on the number of loading cycles and the magnitude of the load.
The fatigue strength of a wire is usually measured using a fatigue test. This test involves subjecting the wire to a cyclic loading until failure. The number of loading cycles to failure is then measured and used to calculate the fatigue strength of the wire.
Failure Modes of Wires
There are three main failure modes for wires: fracture, fatigue and plastic deformation. Fracture is the most common mode of failure for wires, especially under high loads. Fatigue failure occurs when the wire has been repetitively loaded below its ultimate strength, resulting in a propagation of cracks. Plastic deformation occurs when a wire is subjected to a load that is larger than the yield strength of the material, resulting in permanent deformation of the wire.
Conclusion
In conclusion, understanding the mechanical properties of wires is important for their design, selection and use. Knowing the tensile strength, fatigue strength and failure modes of wires is key to successful application of these materials.
