The chemistry of semiconductor materials has become increasing important as the advancements in the world of electronics and technology have grown. With the ability to design accurate circuits and systems in various shapes and sizes, the chemistry of semiconductor materials has been key in enabling this success.
Semiconductor materials are compounds made of two or more elements that create an electric conductivity as a result of their combination. These materials are housed inside a small casing that retains their electric power. This same electric power makes it able to be used in transistors, diodes and other electronic components.
Silicon and germanium are two of the most commonly used semiconductor materials. Both of these elements have an arrangement of electrons that enables an electric current when a specific energy is applied to them. In terms of chemical propensities, both silicon and germanium tend to form positive and negative charges, non-volatile films, and an array of other chemical elements that interact with each other to create semiconducting behavior.
When combined with each other and the right type of material, silicon and germanium can be used to create a wide variety of electronic components. These components are used extensively in computers and other electronic items, albeit usually in low quantities. They work as transistors, integrated circuits, memory chips, and more, and are known to create a more stable electronic system when used as such.
Transistors involve the use of two or more layers of germanium and silicon; memory chips use mainly silicon and germanium as well. The electrons that are created when these elements are combined interact with each other and create a stable electrical connection. When the components are used this way, it creates an efficient and stable electrical connection. This enables stability in an electrical current, which is essential for electronics.
Another important property of the chemistry of semiconductor materials is their ability to be manipulated. By manipulating the various elements in the material, scientists have been able to alter the electrical connection of the material, allowing for smaller and more efficient components to be created. This includes the integration of miniaturized components into circuits, creating a more integrated system that is easier to control.
Materials like gold, germanium and other rare earths are also used in a variety of electronic components. These materials are more expensive than the more common silicon and germanium, though they offer superior electrical stability and conductivity. Gold and other rare earth elements are used in components and systems that require the highest level of reliability and precision.
The chemistry of semiconductor materials is essential in the creation of all modern electronic components. The combination of elements and materials, as well as the manipulation of the same, create a more efficient, stable and consistent electric current. This allows electronic components to last longer and handle greater power inputs, while also helping to reduce the amount of energy wasted in the process.
