Introduction
For most casting parts, the choice of die materials depends largely on the production process, alloy properties, required shapes, sizes and operating temperature, as well as the size of the parts and the kind of service they will provide. This article will discuss the material selection and thermal processing requirements for die parts commonly used in injection moulds.
Common materials and heat treatment requirements
1. Low carbon steel
Low carbon steel is an alloy of iron, carbon and small amounts of other elements. It is cheaper and has good wear resistance. Low carbon steel is used for producing general purpose press die parts such as punches and dies. It has good machinability and can be heat treated and hardened to further increase its wear resistance. Heat treatment for low carbon steel includes quenching and tempering or carburizing and quenching.
2. Tool steel
Tool steel is composed of iron, carbon and alloying elements, and is commonly used for forging die parts. It is strong, tough and wear resistant, making it suitable for use in high-stress and high-temperature applications. Heat treatment for tool steel usually includes quenching and tempering or hardening and tempering.
3. High speed steel
High speed steel is an alloy of iron, carbon and alloying elements. It is designed to resist wear and maintain its cutting edge over a wide range of temperatures. It is used for producing press die parts such as trimming dies, punches and heat exchangers. Heat treatment for high speed steel usually includes quenching and tempering or tempering and quenching.
4. Chromium-Molybdenum Steel
Chromium-molybdenum steel is an alloy of chromium, molybdenum and other elements. It is used for die parts where high temperature and wear resistance are required. Heat treatment for chromium-molybdenum steel includes austenitization, quenching, hardening and tempering.
Conclusion
The choice of die materials depends largely on the production process and alloy properties, as well as the size, shape and operating temperature of the parts. Low carbon steel, tool steel, high speed steel and chromium-molybdenum steel are some of the materials commonly used for injection moulding die parts. Heat treatment of these materials must be carried out appropriately in order to achieve desired performance.
