Numerical control (NC) lathe is a kind of conventional processing equipment which can realize automation production in a certain range. In the process of processing, the most basic idea is to finish the processing of the workpiece according to the predetermined media trajectory under the control of NC system. In the NC system, among the various elements, the coordinate system of the NC lathe is the most important.
When the lower part of the machine tool coordinates with the upper part of the machine tool, it becomes the coordinate system of the numerical control machine tool. The shape and size of the coordinate system of the numerical control machine tool mainly depend on several parts of the machine tool. First, the size and shape of the bed head and tail top, the position of the tailstock width center and the size ratio of the table, etc.
In the coordinate system of the NC lathe, there are three mutually perpendicular axes: X axis (longitudinal), Y axis (transverse), and Z axis (vertical). In addition, the quantity of coordinates of numerical control machine tool can also be more, commonly known as four-coordinate, five-coordinate, six-coordinate, seven-coordinate, etc.
In use, the origin point of the coordinate system of NC machine tool can be determined in a variety of ways, such as absolute origin, incremental origin and program origin. As the name suggests, the origin of absolute origin is the absolute origin of the machine tool, and this origin is constant, while the origin of incremental origin is relatively, and each time the origin of the machine tool is offset, often the origin of a workpiece coordinate moment is taken as the origin of the program.
The origin point determines the processing position of the workpiece in the coordinate system of the numerical control machine tool. When the machinist needs to machine the workpiece, it is not only necessary to determine the orientation of the coordinate system, but also to offset the origin in order to achieve the best machining effect.
In the numerical control processing, it is necessary to consider the most accurate combination of technical index, three-dimensional space, measure system and control system, so as to ensure that all kinds of processing can be completed in the numerical control lathe coordinate system. In the coordinate system of numerically controlled machine tool, we can realize a variety of machining methods, such as turning and cutting, grinding, boring, drilling and pressure forcing, all of which are difficult, difficult and time-consuming in manual machining.
In addition, numerical control lathe coordinate system can also realize program control, that is, programming code is input into the numerical control system and stored in order to realize automatic processing in a certain range, which can prevent potential accidents and improve work efficiency.
It can be seen that the coordinate system of numerical control lathe plays an important role in numerical control processing. Therefore, in the process of processing, we should not only master the principle of coordinate system, but also familiarize ourselves with the type and origin selection of coordinate system in order to ensure the machining accuracy and quality of parts on the machine tool.
