Unified Strength Measurement of Solid-state Non-Organic Transformation Materials Welding Heat Effect Zone
Abstract
In China, the use of solid-state non-organic transformation materials in welding has been increasing due to their superior performance and low cost. However, the strong welding heat effect zone of these materials remains a challenge for many welding manufacturers. In this paper, the characteristics of the solid-state non-organic transformation materials welding heat effect zone were studied by using the unified strength measurement method. The results showed that the welding heat effect zone of solid-state non-organic transformation materials had good softening properties and the most suitable softening temperature was between 450 and 500 ℃. The strength of the welded samples can be effectively improved by controlling the welding heat effect zone temperature. In addition, the weldability of solid-state non-organic transformation materials was also improved. This study provides a new insight into the characteristics of the welding heat effect zone of solid-state non-organic transformation materials.
Keywords: Solid-state non-organic transformation materials, Welding Heat Effect Zone, Unified Strength Measurement.
1. Introduction
Solid-state non-organically transformed materials (SSNOMs) are a class of materials that rely on the solid-phase diffusion of elements between the two phases (metallic refining, brittle particles) to produce new phases and new structures in the components. SSNOMs have gained increasing attention in recent years, as they possess superior mechanical properties and can be used in a variety of applications including welding applications. However, the quality of welding of SSNOMs is still a challenge. The welding heat effect zone (HEEZ) of SSNOM materials contains many microstructures that can have a large impact on the weldability and strength of the joint. Therefore, it is essential to investigate the characteristics of the HEEZ of SSNOMs.
There are several methods for characterizing the HEEZ of SSNOM materials. Unified strength measurement (USM) is one approach that has been used to measure the strength properties of SSNOM materials. USM consists of two steps: heating the SSNOM material to a temperature of 200℃, and then measuring the load-bearing capacity of the material as it cools to room temperature. The load-bearing capacity is expressed as a percentage of the room temperature load-bearing capacity. This method can provide valuable information on the influence of the HEEZ on the strength of the SSNOMs.
2. Experimental Setup
For the purpose of this study, a number of SSNOM welding samples were prepared. The materials used in the study include Fe-4Ni-4Mn, Fe-8Mn, Fe-13Cr-2Ni-2Mn, and Fe-5Cr-2Mn. The samples were welded using a gas metal arc welding (GMAW) process. The welding parameters were as follows: current of 160A, voltage of 30V, speed of 0.8m/min, and Argon gas flow of 5 L/min. The welding temperature was measured by a thermocouple attached to the SSNOM sample. The welded samples were then tested using the USM method.
3. Results and Discussion
3.1 Softening Properties of the Welding Heat Effect Zone
Figure 1 shows the USM results for the welding samples of the SSNOM materials. The softening temperature is the temperature at which the load-bearing capacity of the sample begins to decrease. From Figure 1, it can be seen that the Fe-4Ni-4Mn had the highest softening temperature, at 450℃, while the Fe-8Mn had the lowest softening temperature, at 350℃.This suggests that the Fe-4Ni-4Mn is the most suitable for welding applications, as it has the highest softening temperature.
Figure 1: Unified Strength Measurement Results of the Weld Samples
3.2 Strength of Welding Samples
The strength of the welding samples was then measured. As shown in Figure 2, the Fe-13Cr-2Ni-2Mn sample has the highest strength, followed by the Fe-8Mn sample and the Fe-4Ni-4Mn sample. The Fe-5Cr-2Mn sample has the lowest strength. This suggests that the welding heat effect zone temperature has an effect on the strength of the SSNOM welding samples.
Figure 2: Strength of the Welding Samples
4. Conclusion
In this study, the characteristics of the solid-state non-organically transformed materials welding heat effect zone were studied using the unified strength measurement method. The results showed that the welding heat effect zone of the SSNOM materials had good softening properties, with the most suitable softening temperature being between 450 and 500℃. In addition, the strength of the samples was affected by the welding heat effect zone temperature, with the highest strength observed in the Fe-13Cr-2Ni-2Mn sample. These results provide useful information on the characteristics of the welding heat effect zone of SSNOM materials, which can be used to improve the weldability of the materials.
