Introduction
“Failure mode and effect analysis” (FMEA) is a method used to identify potential risks in a process or product. This technique uses a systematic approach to identify, evaluate and control existing or likely potential risks and is widely used in many industries for goods, services and processes. A primary purpose of FMEA is to identify and prioritize existing and likely potential risks in order to reduce their probability of occurrence and / or their degree of seriousness. FMEA can help identify the contributing causes of the problem and may indicate areas for improvement. It is one of the methodology used in risk management.
Definition
The FMEA is a process used to identify possible risks and risks associated with processes, products or services. It is a well-known tool used by various industries to measure the severity and probability of threats as well as the potential failure of a process or product. FMEA practice can improve the safety and efficiency of processes, products and services by identifying potential risks and deficiencies.
Types
There are several types of FMEA, namely: fault tree analysis, system FMEA, design FMEA, process FMEA and construction FMEA. Fault tree analysis is a graphical method for identifying potential faults and determining their causes. System FMEA is an analytical method for analyzing the structure of a system and identifying potential risks. Design FMEA examines potential risks in the design of systems and components. Process FMEA involves a systematic approach to identify, evaluate and control existing and likely potential risks associated with a process. Construction FMEA focuses on the construction process and identifies potential risks that can occur during a particular phase of the construction process.
Risk Identification
Risk identification is the first step in any FMEA. Risk factors exist in every system and process and must be identified before they can be assessed or controlled. This involves brainstorming, data collection and analysis and consultation with stakeholders to identify all potential risks, such as safety, environmental, legal, financial and operational risks. An important part of risk identification is to define the scope of the analysis and to develop a risk identification matrix. The aim is to identify, categorize and prioritize all risks within the scope defined in the FMEA.
Risk Management
Once the risks have been identified and prioritized, risk management is required to develop an effective risk management strategy to address each risk. The risk management strategy should involve both preventive and protective measures. Preventive measures include developing safety protocols, improving quality systems, training personnel and performing regular process reviews. Protective measures include introducing performance checks, providing suitable warning systems, installing proper alarms and monitoring systems, and implementing effective policies and procedures.
Conclusion
Failure mode and effect analysis is a widely used risk management tool that can be used to identify, evaluate and control existing and likely potential risks. It can be used for processes, products and services. Risk identification is the first step in FMEA and involves brainstorming, data collection and analysis and consultation with stakeholders to identify all potential risks. Once the risks have been identified and prioritized, risk management strategies should be developed to effectively address each risk.
