Introduction
Electric spark machining is a process that uses electric sparks created by electricity to remove material from a workpiece. It is used to manufacture intricate shapes and components that require precise tolerances and accurate surface finishes. The process utilizes a mobile electrode in the shape of a grinding wheel or grinding stone which is cooled by air and moved along the workpiece at a very high speed. Electricity is generated between the workpiece and the electrode to create sparks which remove the material in a very controlled manner.
Advantages
The advantages of electric spark machining include its ability to produce intricate parts with extreme accuracy and high surface finish. The process allows for working of materials such as ceramics and hard metals that are difficult to machine by traditional cutting methods.
Electric spark machining is also a fast and efficient process. The sparks created by the electric current can reach temperatures of over 10,000°C, melting and evaporating the undesired material. When used with pre-controlled electrode movement, high precision can be achieved in less time.
Disadvantages
The main disadvantage of electric spark machining is its limited working range due to the high temperatures created during the process. It should not be used on materials that are prone to thermal shock or melting. Additionally, a large amount of electricity is needed for the process which may not always be available or cost effective.
Conclusion
Electric spark machining is an advanced machining process that produces intricate shapes and components with high precision and accuracy. It is fast, efficient and able to work with materials that are difficult to machine with conventional tools. However, the process requires a high temperature which may not be suitable for certain materials and a large amount of electrical energy, making it cost prohibitive in certain situations.
