Microbial Corrosion
Microbial corrosion is a type of corrosion caused by the activity of microbes, such as bacteria, fungi, and algae. Microbial corrosion, often referred to as “biocorrosion”, is a major challenge in many industries because it can reduce the lifespan and performance of metal structures. It is a particularly severe problem in industries such as oil and gas, marine and offshore, and pulp and paper, which operate in harsh environments where microbial corrosion can occur more easily.
Microbial corrosion is caused by the activity of microbes on metal surfaces. Microbes can use the metal as a source of energy, resulting in the oxidation of the metal. Microorganisms can produce hydrogen sulfide, which can react with the metal surface and cause further corrosion. Microbes also produce organic acids and exopolysaccharides (EPS) which can act as binding agents, protecting the microbes from the environment. These organic acids and EPS can also lead to corrosion of the metal surface. In addition, the biofilms produced by the microbes can provide anaerobic and aerobic environments, leading to further corrosion.
To prevent and mitigate microbial corrosion, effective biochemically-based anti-corrosion strategies need to be developed. These strategies should include controlling microbial growth by controlling the biofilm formation and by controlling the release of corrosive by-products. The use of inhibitors, such as biocides, can also be effective in reducing microbial activity and preventing the formation of anaerobic and aerobic microenvironments. Additionally, effective cleaning and maintenance strategies should be adopted, to reduce the microorganism populations and the amount of organic acids and EPS on the metal surface.
Overall, microbial corrosion is a major problem in many industries and can lead to significant corrosion of metal surfaces and structures. Effective prevention and mitigation strategies, in combination with good maintenance practices, are essential to effectively manage microbial corrosion. The use of biochemically based anti-corrosion strategies, as well as inhibitors, cleaning, and maintenance strategies, can help to reduce the impact of microbial corrosion and ensure the longevity and performance of metal surfaces and structures.
