Mining is the process of extracting resources from a location on the Earths surface or from below it. The most common mining methods include underground mining and surface mining. Due to the complexity of the process, decision making during the mining process is extremely important. One of the most important aspects of the decision making process is the selection of the most suitable ore body for the specific mining operation. Selection of a suitable ore body is a difficult task and relies on understanding the geological, geotechnical and economic aspects of the ore body.
In order to select the most suitable ore body for a mining project, a wide range of factors need to be taken into consideration. These factors can include the size, grade and distribution of ore, the type of minerals present, the availability of labour, the availability of equipment and associated infrastructure, access to markets and other logistics, as well as potential environmental and social impacts.
The selection process begins with the general geological area in which the mining operation will take place. The geological area is then divided into smaller zones based on geological and geotechnical characteristics. An exploration program is then conducted to identify and map the areas that are prospective for ore bodies. The exploration program includes mapping, sampling and other geological exercises.
Once the geologic targets have been identified, the next step is to estimate how much ore can be recovered from each target. This is done through a process of geochemical assaying and resource determination. If the estimated quantities of ore exceed the mining companies economic considerations, the economic feasibility of mining the ore will be assessed.
If the economic analysis of the project is favourable, the mining company will then move forward with the development and design of the mining operation. This includes further geotechnical assessment and exploration of the target area, as well as the development of the infrastructure necessary to facilitate the safe and efficient extraction and transport of ore. The financial, operational and environmental costs of the project will be weighed against the potential profits before a decision to proceed with the operation is made.
Once a decision to proceed with a project has been made, the appropriate authority needs to be consulted. Depending on the location, this may involve getting an Environmental Impact Statement approved before construction can begin.
The selection of an ore body to develop is an important decision as it will shape the success of the project. To ensure the best possible outcome, it is important that a comprehensive approach is taken to the selection process, taking into account the various criteria discussed above. This will ensure that the most suitable ore body is selected, ensuring optimal results for the mining project.
