Application and Maintenance of CNC Machine Tool
Computer numerical control machine tool (CNC machine tool) is an automaticprocessing equipment developed and used with the development of computer technology. It integrates mechanical and electrical, with computer numerical control, which can be programmed to autonomously process complicated planes and surfaces. Because of its processing accuracy, stability, and time-saving, CNC machine tool appears in many fields such as national defense, aerospace, machine tools, light industrial machinery, automobile and precise instrument components, although it costs much and requires specific maintenance tasks.
Balance of the mechanical and electrical system is a must-have feature of CNC machine tool. To achieve a successful balance, it needs to adjust the parameters of electric elements and mechanical information, such as the speed and acceleration of electric motors, the speed, acceleration and deceleration of motion devices and the action times and intervals of electric components, so that they can work together harmoniously. If those parameters are not properly adjusted, it may lead to corrosion or damage to CNC machine tool, and this will cause the whole system to malfunction and affect the quality of product.
In addition to adjusting electric elements, the mechanical parts of CNC machine tool should be also maintained, such as replacing oil seals, purifying and checking transmission belts, etc., to keep the whole system running and ensure operational stability. Any failure of the mechanical parts will cause serious degradation of machining accuracy. Therefore, it is very important for CNC machine tool users to keep the machine in good condition and pay attention to the preventive maintenance of the machine.
Preventive maintenance techniques of CNC machine tool can be divided into two parts: daily maintenance and periodic maintenance. Daily preventive maintenance is to check the running state of CNC machine tool every day, including checking the lubrication and filling lubricants, cleaning swarf and chips that can cause machine breakdown, ensuring that each movement is running smoothly without noise, and making sure all the elements and electronic keys are in good condition.
Periodic preventive maintenance includes observing the progress of all machine elements and inspecting the whole system regularly. During the periodic maintenance process, CNC machine tool needs to be dismantled to check all movement elements. Other components should also be tested, such as the ball screw spindle, screws, linear guideways, and bearings, etc. if any result deviation are found during the inspection, machine elements and accessories should be replaced or adjusted in time. In addition, the interference of machine elements should be monitored to ensure the perfect condition of the whole machine.
The innovative application of CNC machine tool is an essential requirement for modern manufacturing industry. For example, CNC machine tools can be programmed to quickly finish complex and precise machining products with consistent quality. However, due to its expensive price, strict maintenance method and expensive accessories, CNC machine tools need a lot of care and attention in order to become a powerful tool in the manufacturing industry.
Therefore, the preventive maintenance of CNC machine tool is necessary in order to prolong its service life and ensure the accuracy and stability of its movement. In the early stage of machine tool, users should pay attention to the maintenance and balance of electric elements, and regular inspections and replacements of mechanical parts should be also done. Last but not least, preventive maintenance of CNC machine tool should be done periodically to ensure its small error, high speed, and consistent accuracy and make sure its stable performance.
