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Introduction
A construction company requires an integrated and organized system of planning in order to efficiently manage their projects. This system should start with an initial focus on the development of effective planning processes to create a workable plan and then the expansion of that plan, which should include detailed task instructions for the various elements of the project. With these plans and instructions, the company can effectively set dates, coordinate resources and ensure the quality of their services and products. The systems that they use must, however, be flexible, allowing for adjustments and changing circumstances and respond to the customers’ needs.
This paper explains the importance of a construction company having a plan management system in place and outlines the steps for implementing such a system. Firstly, a discussion of the main components of a plan management system is presented and then the roles of all stakeholders involved in the planning process, from clients to suppliers and subcontractors. This is followed by a description of the tools and technology used in developing plans, from spreadsheets to Gantt charts and computer simulations, and a description of the workflow process. Finally, case studies are used to illustrate the benefits of having a plan management system in place.
Main Components of a Plan Management System
A construction plan management system typically consists of two main components: the plan development process and the plan implementation and control process.
The Plan Development Process
The plan development process includes several steps and stages to ensure that planning goals, objectives, and results are achieved. This includes activities such as gathering data, analyzing data, and preparing plans that reflect all components of a project. The process also includes developing the specifications, schedules, and budget necessary for the successful completion of the project.
Plan Implementation and Control Process
The plan implementation and control process is the process by which the actual construction of the project is managed. This process involves monitoring progress and implementing corrective action if necessary. The implementation process should also include procurement, resource management, physical construction, safety and quality control, and communication.
A plan management system must also be structured such that the results of the implementation and control process are incorporated into the plan development process. This allows for continuous improvement and adjustments in the plan so that an effective plan is maintained throughout the project.
Roles of Stakeholders in Plan Management
The stakeholders in plan management include the owners, the customers, subcontractors, designers, suppliers, and project managers. Each stakeholder has a role to play in the plan management system.
Owners
The owners are the people who hold the legal responsibility for the project. They are responsible for setting goals, objectives, and budget requirements; negotiating contracts; and informing stakeholders of any changes that impact the project.
Clients
The clients are the people who are paying for the project. They are responsible for providing the necessary information for the plan development process, ensuring that project requirements are met, and communicating any changes that could affect the project.
Subcontractors
Subcontractors are responsible for performing part or all of the construction activities required for the project. They are responsible for meeting the project requirements, providing quality services and products, and adhering to the project timeline.
Designers
Designers create drawings and specifications that describe the project requirements, procedures, and materials. They are also responsible for implementing any changes that the owners or clients request.
Suppliers
Suppliers provide materials, equipment, and services to support the construction project. They are also responsible for meeting the project requirements, providing quality materials and services, and adhering to the project timeline.
Project Managers
The project managers are responsible for coordinating the activities of the stakeholders and ensuring that they adhere to the plan requirements. They are also responsible for tracking the progress of the project, ensuring that goals and objectives are met, and reporting on the project status.
Tools and Technology for Plan Development
The following tools and technologies are used in the development of plans:
Spreadsheets: Spreadsheets are used to analyze projects and track progress. They allow data to be quickly and easily manipulated and analyzed, making it easier to identify where changes are needed.
Gantt Charts: Gantt charts are used to visually illustrate the timeline of activities to be performed in order to complete the project. These charts help to ensure that no activities are missed and that goals and objectives are met.
Computer Simulations: Computer simulations are used to test the accuracy of plans and to show the impacts of changes on the timeline and budget of a project. These simulations allow planners to ensure that the plan meets the requirements of the project.
Documentation: Documentation is used to ensure that all stakeholders are aware of the plans, requirements, and objectives. This includes development, implementation, and maintenance documents.
Workflow Process
The development and implementation of construction plans is a complex and detailed process. The workflow for the plan development and implementation process is as follows:
Gather Information: The first step in the process is to gather detailed information about the project and the stakeholders involved. This includes collecting project requirements from the owners or clients and gathering information from subcontractors, designers, and suppliers.
Plan Development: Once the information has been gathered, the plan can be developed. This involves analyzing the data to identify any risks or issues, creating the specifications, schedules and budget for the project, and creating a Gantt chart to illustrate the timeline for the project.
Plan Implementation: The plan is then implemented, which includes coordination between stakeholders, procurement of materials and equipment, and physical construction. The project manager must also ensure that all safety and quality control requirements are met.
Monitoring and Adjustments: The progress of the project is monitored to ensure that the plan is being implemented according to the specifications. Any adjustments or corrective action that is needed should be implemented as soon as possible.
Final Evaluation: Once the project is completed, the process should be evaluated. This includes evaluating the effectiveness of the plan, the timelines and budget, and any feedback from stakeholders.
Case Studies
Case studies can be used to illustrate the benefits of having a plan management system in place. The following case studies can be used to demonstrate the importance of effectively managing the plan and the impact that it can have on the overall success of the project.
Case Study 1
A construction company was hired to build a large office building. The project was complex, as it required special materials, equipment, and labor. The company created a detailed plan that included schedules, budgets, and a timeline. The plan took into consideration the needs of the stakeholders, such as the customer, designers, subcontractors, and suppliers. The company made sure to monitor the progress of the project and made adjustments as needed. The project was completed on time and within the budget, resulting in a successful project.
Case Study 2
Another construction company was hired to build a residential complex. The project was complex and required coordination of multiple stakeholders, including architects, engineers, subcontractors, and suppliers. The company developed a detailed plan that included schedules, budget, and timeline. They monitored the progress of the project and made adjustments as needed. However, they neglected to take into consideration the needs of the customer, resulting in delays and cost overruns. The project was eventually completed but the customer was not satisfied with the results.
Conclusion
A plan management system is essential for a construction company to successfully manage its projects. This system should include a plan development process, plan implementation and control process, and tools and technologies for plan development. All stakeholders should understand their roles in the plan management process. A workflow should be in place that follows the steps of information gathering, plan development, plan implementation, monitoring, and final evaluation. Finally, case studies can be used to illustrate the importance of having a plan management system in place and the impact that it can have on the success of a project.
