The Use of Abrasive Flow Machining
Abrasive flow machining (AFM) is a type of machining that is used in the finishing and polishing of the internal and external surfaces of a variety of parts. This type of machining works by forcing an abrasive media through a workpiece at high pressure using a controlled flow. The controlled flow produces a brushlike effect, resulting in a precise finish on the part.
AFM is often used as a finishing process for delicate and intricate components and surfaces. The precise, yet delicate, machining process produces a micro-finished surface which is more precise than conventional grinding or honing techniques. The result is a smoother and more uniform surface, which can be difficult to achieve using conventional machining methods.
The pliability and flow of the abrasive material, combined with the pressure and heat generated by the flow, allows AFM to produce internal surfaces which are impossible to achieve with conventional machining methods. AFM can also be used to reach deep and confined access areas, such as those under valves or components that couldn’t be reached otherwise.
The AFM process offers numerous benefits, including improved surface finish and surface area coverage, reduced cycle times, improved surface uniformity, and cost savings due to fewer scrap parts.
The abrasive media used in the process must be compatible with the material to be machined. For this reason, the selection of abrasive media must be carefully considered for each application. The chosen abrasive media must be of a similar hardness to the material to be machined and must have the ability to optimally remove material from the surface. As the abrasive media are propellant and expelled from the metallurgical nozzle during the machining process, the media should have good flow characteristics and exhibit minimal wear.
In order to safely and effectively utilize AFM, certain safety practices must be observed. The machines must be operated by properly trained personnel in a safe, properly ventilated environment. It is essential to use only the proper abrasive material, operate the machinery according to the recommended specifications and safety instructions, and ensure the workpieces are firmly secured to the machinery to prevent slippage or dynamic loads.
When done correctly, the AFM process produces precise, burr-free parts with improved surface finishes. The process is faster and more efficient than traditional honing and grinding and produces more uniform surfaces which can be used for more precise applications.
Due to its numerous benefits, AFM is an essential process for the finishing of components and parts in numerous industries, including aerospace, medical, automotive and engineering.
For any manufacturer looking to increase the accuracy and quality of their parts, abrasive flow machining is an excellent choice. With the precision AFM offers, manufacturers can produce high-quality, burr-free parts with improved surface finishes, while reducing cycle times and cost.
