Introduction
Bearings are important components in machine tools which ensure smooth operation and optimum performance.machine tools bearings allow efficient and clean operation of the machines tools, in order to prevent damage and wear of the components. Commonly used machine tool bearings include ball bearings, roller bearings, and cylindrical roller bearings.
Types of Bearings Used in Machine Tools
The type of bearing chosen for machine tools depends on the type of applications that the machine tool is designed to undertake. Generally, ball bearings are used for low-load speeds, while roller and cylindrical roller bearings are suitable for higher speed and load applications.
Ball Bearings
Ball bearings are used in applications where little or no angular thrust loads are present. The bearings’ balls rotate with low friction and are contained within an outer ring. The bearing is tightly sealed, allowing minimal contamination, making it ideal for environments with dust, dirt, and moisture. A single row of balls is used in applications with rotational speeds of up to 6,000 rpm, while multiple row bearings are used in higher speed applications.
Roller Bearings
Roller bearings differ from ball bearings as they use rollers instead of balls to reduce friction. Roller bearings are typically used in applications where radial loads are present. They are commonly found in specific application in machine tools such as spindle bearings, feed screw bearings and tailstock bearings. The number of rollers and the design of the bearing can be customised depending on the requirements of the application.
Cylindrical Roller Bearings
Cylindrical roller bearings consist of two rows of rollers and are able to take high radial and axial loads. They are maintenance free and have long life cycles, making them ideal for machine tool applications. The inner ring and outer ring of the bearing can be separated, allowing the bearing to be mounted to a machine tool and adjusted accurately.
Conclusion
Machine tool bearings are important components that have to withstand heavy loads and high speeds. Bearings facilitate efficient operation, reduce wear and tear and improve the performance of the machine tool. Different types of bearings can be used in different applications, depending on the requirements of the application. Ball, roller and cylindrical roller bearings are all common choices for machine tools.
