Delirium is a mental health condition that is characterized by confusion, disorientation and perceptual disturbances and is generally caused by a major event or trauma. It may be caused by a physical illness, injury, substance abuse or a psychosocial problem and can be serious and potentially life threatening. Delirium is usually accompanied by a period of acute mental disturbance, confusion and disorientation, with a range of symptoms that can last from hours to days or longer.
The common symptoms of delirium include compromised cognitive abilities, inattention, reduced concentration and energy levels, hallucinations, delusions, incoherent speech and disorientation in time, date and place. In more extreme cases, delirium can cause restlessness, aggression and even violence. It can lead to chronic psychological, emotional and physical disturbances, as well as physical deterioration of the body.
The cause of delirium can vary. Generally it is caused by a major life event or trauma, a physical illness or injury, substance abuse or a psychosocial problem. The most common causes include: alcohol or drug overdose, stroke, brain injury, severe infections, end-stage diseases such as cancer, dehydration, low blood sugar, sepsis, malnutrition, medication interactions, excessive stress, hypoxia or oxygen deficiency.
In order to diagnose delirium, doctors will first undertake a comprehensive physical examination. This will involve taking a detailed medical and family history, screening for physical illnesses that could be causing it and performing neurological tests to look for impaired brain function. Further tests, such as an electroencephalogram (EEG) or a brain imaging scan may be used if doctors are worried about any underlying brain abnormalities.
Treatment for delirium is based on the underlying cause. If an illness or injury has caused it, then this will need to be treated as soon as possible. In other cases, treatment may involve a combination of medication and psychosocial therapies such as Cognitive Behavioural Therapy and Psychotherapy. In severe cases, hospitalization may be necessary.
Delirium is a serious mental health condition that can have serious consequences on the individual and the society. Therefore, it is important to be aware of its symptoms and to seek medical help as soon as possible if anyone experiences any of these symptoms. Early diagnosis and treatment is essential in order to prevent chronic psychological and physical problems.
In conclusion, delirium is an acute mental condition that is characterized by confusion, disorientation and perceptual disturbances and is generally caused by a major event or trauma. Its symptoms can range from subtle to severe, and can lead to bodily deterioration and chronic psychological and physical problems. Therefore, it is important to recognize its common symptoms and seek medical help as soon as possible in order to avoid any further damage or distress.
