Zhang-Shalom Model of Learning
The Zhang-Shalom Model of Learning is a cognitive approach to understanding the learning process developed by Chinese cognitive psychologists Zhang Li and Shalom Schwartz. They proposed that learning is a complex process that involves multiple components, such as attention, memory, and problem-solving. By examining the components of learning, Zhang and Shalom were able to develop a comprehensive model of how the brain learns.
The Zhang-Shalom Model of Learning is based on the assumption that learning is an ongoing cycle of attention, analysis, memory storage, and problem-solving. This cycle is characterized by four stages:
Attention: In this stage, the learner pays attention to the information he wants to learn. This can include auditory, visual, and/or tactile stimulus. The learner must first identify and recognize the information, as well as its relevance, before being able to move onto the subsequent stages.
Analysis: This stage is focused on actively processing the information. The learner must not only analyze the data, but also synthesize it and come to a logical conclusion. This requires working memory and problem-solving abilities.
Memory Storage: After the learner has analyzed the data and ascertained a solution, the information is stored in long-term memory. By creating and reinforcing memories, the learner is better able to retain and remember the information in the future.
Problem Solving: In this stage, the learner applies the knowledge he has acquired to solve a problem. This requires creativity, abstract reasoning and critical thinking. By utilizing the information to solve an issue, the learner has effectively mastered the material.
The Zhang-Shalom Model of Learning is a comprehensive approach that captures the various components of the learning process. By relying on a cyclical structure, the model allows the learner to continually revise, employ, and master the material in a logical and systematic way. The four stages of attention, analysis, memory storage, and problem-solving work together to demonstrate the power of learning.
