Drums have been used since ancient times in various cultural contexts and geographical regions throughout the world. The exact type and style of drum used in a particular region has varied greatly depending on the regions particular cultural, religious and historical influences. The various types of drums used around the world can be divided into four main categories: conga drums, djembe drums, taiko drums and hand drums. Each of these categories encompasses many different types of drums, each with its own unique sound and playing style.
Conga drums are a type of large, wooden, cylindrical drum originating from the Caribbean. It is traditionally gripped by the hands and is used primarily in Latin music. Conga drums are often played in pairs and are associated with Cuban, Brazilian, Puerto Rican and other latin American cultures. Conga drums come in a variety of sizes, from the smaller quinto to the larger tumbadora, and can be tuned by changing its head tension.
Djembe drums are a type of large, strong, hand-held African drum. They offer a unique sound, due to a combination of a single membrane head and the instrument’s wooden construction. Djembe drumming has a long history, traditionally used to communicate messages in some African tribal cultures. Djembes come in various sizes and are typically played with hands, a stick or a combination of both, resulting in a wide variety of sounds and rhythms.
Taiko drums, also sometimes referred to as Japanese drums, have a long history in Japanese culture. Largely associated with the Shinto religion, taiko drums have also had an important role in Noh Theatre and other theatrical performances. Taiko drums can be played with sticks, brushes, or even bare hands in order to produce a wide variety of musical styles and rhythms.
Hand drums are a type of small, portable drum typically played by hand. Hand drums come in two main types: frame drums and hand held drums. Frame drums, such as the bodhran, are typically played in a variety of ways, from tapping to almost free-form drumming. Hand held drums, such as the tambourine, can also be used in this way. Hand drums typically provide a sharp, crisp sound such as that of a snare or tom-tom.
Each of these four drum types has its own unique role in the music and culture of a particular region. In Latin cultures, the conga is a key part of many musical styles, while the djembe is the primary instrument in many African rhythms. In Japanese culture, taiko drums are traditionally used in religious ceremonies and are now played in many modern musical styles, from traditional folk music to hard rock. Hand drums are found throughout many cultures and are commonly used in drum circles and education programs. From the conga to the hand drum, each type of drum has its own unique characteristics and uses that make it a valuable tool for enhancing and creating new and exciting musical experiences.
