Introduction
Copper smelting wastewater is a kind of industrial waste water which comes from the production process of copper smelting. It contains many hazardous substances, such as heavy metals, hydrocarbons, sulfides, oils and fats. If it is not treated properly, it may cause serious pollution to environment. In order to protect the environment, it is very important to control and treat copper smelting wastewater.
I. Characteristics and sources of copper smelting wastewater
The characteristics of copper smelting wastewater are related to the type of copper smelting process. Generally speaking, the wastewater from copper smelting contains toxic heavy metals, suspended solids, oils and greases, free and combined sulfur compounds, fluoride and other inorganic materials. The main sources of copper waste are copper smelting factories and copper withdrawing factories.
II. Potential Pollution and hazards of copper smelting wastewater
The potential pollution and hazards of copper smelting wastewater are caused by toxic heavy metals and other hazardous components in it. The heavy metals in this wastewater can cause damage to the environment and human health. Therefore, it is necessary to take corresponding measures to control and treat this wastewater properly to reduce or even prevent the environmental and health hazards caused by it.
III. Treatment of copper smelting wastewater
1. Physical treatment
The physical treatment of copper smelting wastewater includes sedimentation, filtration, gravity separation and so on. These methods generally cannot improve the quality of wastewater, but can effectively reduce the amount of suspended solids, oils and greases in the wastewater, and can further reduce the concentration of heavy metal ions and other pollutants.
2. Chemical treatment
Copper smelting wastewater contains some toxic heavy metals, so chemical treatment is needed to remove these pollutants. The common methods are chemical flocculation, ion exchange and oxidation reduction.
3. Biological treatment
Biological treatment is an efficient and cost effective treatment method for copper smelting wastewater. It uses biological organisms such as bacteria, fungi and algae to degrade the organic pollutants in the wastewater. This method can not only effectively reduce the organic pollutants in the wastewater, but also reduce the content of heavy metals by adsorption.
Conclusion
Copper smelting wastewater contains many hazardous substances, which can cause environmental and human health hazards. Therefore, it is necessary to take corresponding measures to control and treat this wastewater properly. The common wastewater treatment methods for copper smelting wastewater include physical, chemical and biological treatments. These methods can help reduce the amount of pollutants in the wastewater and protect the environment and human health.
