Open-pit slope survey
Open-pit slope survey is an important part of open-pit mining project assessment and design. In the survey of open-pit slope, various geological information is found and the basic frame of open-pit slope maintenance is determined; meanwhile, the stability of open-pit slope is evaluated, predicting the slope failure, displacement and displacement rate under different technical measures. It is the basis for reasonable design and reasonable construction of open-pit slope.
Open-pit slope survey can be divided into macro survey and micro survey. It is one of the main tasks of the macro survey to survey and analyze the various geological parameters of the open-pit slope in order to classically represent the slope, such as width of blasting bench, dip angle of surrounding strata, high and low coefficients, etc. The micro survey is mainly to determine the structural geology, rock mass force parameters and other physical and mechanical parameters at the site of the open-pit slope by means of field exploration and laboratory test.
In order to carry out the open-pit slope survey, the preparatory work should be done first. It includes geological map, slice drawing, geological column diagram, geological cross section sketch, insertion column diagram and insertion graph. The geological map is the first basis in the survey and the fundamental basis of the whole open-pit slope survey. The construction of geological profile section is the basis of understanding the geological structure of slope, and the construction of geological cross section is the basis of understanding the geological structure of slope in detail. The insertion column diagram is used to understand the law of strata emplacement at the side of the slope, and the insertion chart is used to understand the relationship between the strata and the joints at the side of the slope.
The field survey is the basis of understanding the geology and topography of the open-pit slope, which consists of the survey of basic topographic parameters of the open-pit slope, the excavation of bracket column, the exploration of the rock mass joint system, the investigation of slope temperature and humidity, the survey of rock mass physical and mechanical parameters, the borehole logging, the survey of water inrush situation, and the determination of design parameters of slope.
Based on the measured data and the analysis of field survey results, the slope overall stability and the stability of various parts in slope can be evaluated. The main method for evaluating the overall stability of slope is to divide the slope into several slices, follow the limit equilibrium method, and design several alternative stabilizing measures according to the stability and other assessment results, so as to get an economical and stable slope alternative and analyze the deformation and displacement of slope under different circumstances.
In short, the open-pit slope survey is the basis of open-pit slope design. The reasonable survey results lay the foundation for the rationality and operability of open-pit slope design, which is of great significance to the access of mining area, mining predicted benefits and the protection of mining personnel and equipment. Therefore, the open-pit slope survey, as the basis of open-pit mining project design, should be taken seriously and be completed accurately, in order to ensure the safety of open-pit mining project in the whole stage.
