Introduction
The main shaft of the lathe is a rotating part of the machine that is used to hold and drive the rotating cutting tools. Due to the repeated starting, stopping and reverse operation of the main shaft, the vibration of the machine tool is greatly increased and the dynamic balance of the main shaft is reduced. Therefore, dynamic balance adjustment of the main shaft is especially important. It not only reduces the vibration of the machine, but also extends its service life.
Definition and Principle of Balancing
In simple terms, dynamic balance means that when the main shaft rotates, the centrifugal force generated by each mass point on the main shaft should be equal in size and opposite in direction, so that the unbalanced part of the rotor can be balanced. The dynamic balance process of the main shaft includes weight compensation, position compensation and angle compensation. Negative compensation is the same in principle, except that the magnitude and direction of the force are opposite.
Methods for Balancing Lathe Main Shafts
There are a variety of methods for balancing the main shaft of a lathe. The static balance method is to place the main shaft on a balancing instrument and adjust the weight of the main shaft to achieve static balance. The dynamic balance method is to use a balance instrument to measure the unbalanced amount, and then use a dynamic balancing machine to adjust the position, weight and angle of the main shaft to achieve dynamic balance.
Application of Balancing
Lathe main shaft balancing is widely used in the manufacture of precision machine tools and measurement instruments. In the design and manufacture of such equipment, it is necessary to eliminate or minimize vibration caused by static and dynamic unbalance of the main shaft to ensure its service life.
Conclusion
Balancing is an important process that helps reduce vibration and extend the service life of lathe main shafts. Balancing generally includes static balance, dynamic balance and angle balance. Static balance needs to be adjusted by adjusting the mass and dynamic balance needs to be adjusted by adjusting the position. Balancing is widely used in the production of precision machine tools and measurement instruments, and plays an important role in ensuring the stability and accuracy of workpieces.
