The Use of Gases in Metals
The use of gases in metalworking is an important part of the modern metal fabrication process. Gases can be used to create a variety of effects, such as a smooth surface finish, increased strength, and improved machinability. Gases also provide a clean, cost-effective way to move parts from one station to another. There are many types of gases used in metalworking, each offering different advantages for different applications. This article will provide an overview of the various gases and their uses in metalworking.
Inert Gases. Inert gases, such as argon, nitrogen, and helium, are used to provide a more controlled working environment in metalworking operations. These gases are often used to provide additional protection against heat, fire, and oxidation during welding and brazing operations. Inert gas shields can also be used to protect weld joints from harmful elements in the air.
Acetylene. Acetylene is a highly combustible gas commonly used in welding operations. Acetylene works by burning and forming a hot flame. This flame can be used to melt and weld metals together. It can also be used to cut metals in a process known as flame cutting. Acetylene is the most widely used of the combustible gases in metalworking and is the preferred fuel for many welding operations.
Hydrogen. Hydrogen gas is commonly used in hardening processes. When combined with oxygen, hydrogen forms a plasma that can be used to harden metals by quickly increasing the temperature of the metal. This process can be used to add hardness to steel and aluminum, as well as to improve the corrosion resistance of metals.
Carbon monoxide. Carbon monoxide (CO) is an odorless and colorless gas that is produced as a byproduct of combustion. Although CO is toxic, it is used in metalworking operations due to its ability to add strength to some metals. Carbon monoxide is a common gas used in steel hardening and can be used to improve the strength and durability of steel components.
Nitrogen. Nitrogen is another combustible gas that is used in a variety of metalworking applications. Nitrogen is used to shield welding and brazing operations from oxygen, thus preventing oxidation. It can also be used to reduce the risk of porosity in weld joints, as well as to improve the toughness of welded components. Nitrogen is also commonly used as a shielding gas in plasma cutting operations.
Chlorine gases. Chlorine is a colorless, odorless gas that is commonly used in metalworking operations. Chlorine can be used to remove oxidation from metals and to reduce the risk of porosity in weld joints. It is also used to improve the machinability of some metals, as well as to increase the strength of some metals.
These are just a few of the numerous types of gases used in metalworking. Each offers different benefits and should be chosen based on the application. When selecting a gas for a metalworking operation, it is important to take into account the properties of the specific metals being processed. This will ensure that the best gas is used to achieve the desired results.
