Fault Diagnosis Technology of CNC Machine Tools
CNC machine tools are widely used in production due to their high accuracy, rigidity, operating speed and good performance. However, due to the complexity of the control system and the difficulty of debugging and fault diagnosis, it is difficult to perform effective maintenance and fault diagnosis, resulting in repeated failures of CNC machine tools after starting. The fault diagnosis technology of CNC machine tools is an important means to ensure the accuracy, performance and service life of machine tool equipment.
The fault diagnosis technology of CNC machine tools mainly uses the principles of vibration analysis, bearing temperature rise, sound spectrum analysis, spectrum analysis, etc. to comprehensively analyze the parameters of multiple fault sources to quickly locate the fault. At present, the fault diagnosis technology of CNC machine tools mainly includes three levels: comprehensive diagnosis, on-site diagnosis and unmanned diagnosis.
Comprehensive diagnosis mainly systematically and synthetically studies and analyzes the fault characteristics of CNC machine tools from the whole structure, mechanical transmission, electrical control system and other aspects, including change of overall parameters and sound spectrum. Comprehensive diagnosis can quickly identify the type of fault and its exact location, which can be used as a reference for on-site diagnosis and maintenance.
On-site diagnosis of CNC machine tools mainly relies on technicians to detect the production environment, such as noise and vibration spectrum, temperature and current parameters of the main shaft and servo system, mechanical load and power consumption, etc., and to analyze the fault points and components of the system. The accuracy of on-site diagnosis is higher than that of comprehensive diagnosis, and it can diagnose problems in a very short time.
Unmanned diagnosis of CNC machine tools uses modern sensing and measuring devices with independent power supply and wireless transmission functions to collect and transmit parameters online, and realize remote fault diagnosis through algorithms and databases. This kind of fault diagnosis technology can save labor and material resources, and can find the faults in time and make early warning.
The development of the fault diagnosis technology of CNC machine tools not only provides a basis for the maintenance personnel of machine tools to accurately and quickly locate the fault source, but also provides a reliable guarantee for the safe running of CNC machine tools. In the future, fault diagnosis technology will also be more automated, integrated and intelligent, so that automatic fault diagnosis of CNC machine tools will be realized as soon as possible, greatly improving the production efficiency of CNC machine tools.
