The Modern Role of High Speed Steels High-speed steels are alloys of iron, carbon, and usually several other elements, such as manganese, molybdenum, tungsten, chromium, and vanadium, which have been designed to retain their hardness at elevated temperatures and designed to be used in cutting tools. High-speed steels have the primary characteristic of being able to maintain their characteristics at elevated temperatures while also possessing hardnesses in excess of 65 HRC, and thus are able to retain their cutting edges in demanding operations, especially when compared to lower alloy tool steels. The development of high-speed steels occurred shortly after the invention of steel and the development of metalworking technology. The need for improved and more specialized tool steels from higher working temperatures developed as more powerful motors and more advanced cutting speeds and feeds were developed. The development of high-speed steels started at the turn of the twentieth century and continued during World War I when a need for improved materials arose. In the early 1900s, progress was made in creating high-speed steels through increased vanadium and tungsten content. These initial high-speed steels were relatively simple and had only limited success in cutting applications. During World War I, Britain developed a nickel steel with a mo?ey content of 4%, which they could harden to an HRC greater than 63. This steel became known as an HS steel or high-speed steel. This advanced steel, combined with other alloys, allowed high-speed steels to be developed with increased performance. After World War I, companies began experimenting with different combinations of elements, including tungsten and chromium, in order to create stronger and more durable high-speed steels. As the century came to a close, a number of new, advanced high-speed steels were developed and established as industry standards. The modern role of high-speed steels is to allow for the processing of difficult materials, which standard lower alloy tool steels may not be able to process. High-speed steels are also used to cut materials such as hardened steel, superalloys, and ceramics. High-speed steels also retain their hardness at temperatures greater than 200°C, where standard tool steels will begin to lose their cutting edge. The superior performance of high-speed steels means less tool wear, which results in a longer tool life.The range of high-speed steels is vast, and includes many individual grades. Each grade is designed with a specific set of properties, allowing it to be used in a variety of machining and cutting applications. For example, some grades of high-speed steel are specifically designed to resist shock or vibration, while others are designed for heat resistance. High-speed steels are also available in different shapes, such as rods, bars, wire, and sheets. The cost of high-speed steels can vary greatly depending on the grade and quantity purchased. In general, higher grades of high-speed steel are designed for more advanced machining processes and can be more expensive. High-speed steels are an essential component of modern manufacturing processes, used in a variety of machining and cutting applications. They have a wide variety of grades, allowing the user to select the ideal grade for their particular needs. High-speed steels are able to maintain their cutting edges at elevated temperatures and are able to resist shock or vibration, making them a preferred choice in many industries.
高速工具钢在现代的角色
高速钢是铁、碳以及通常几种其他元素（如锰、钼、钨、铬和钒）的合金，其设计的目的是在升高温度时保持硬度，并被用于切削工具。高速钢的主要特性是能在升高的温度下保持其特性，并且硬度高于65 HRC，因此可以在苛刻的操作中保持切削边缘，尤其是与低合金工具钢相比。
高速钢的发展发生在钢的发明和金属工艺技术的发展之后。随着更强劲的电机和更先进的切割速度和喂料开发，人们有必要改善和更加专业化的工具钢。高速钢的开发始于20世纪初，并在一战期间继续发展，当时有必要改善材料。 在20世纪初，通过增加钒和钨的含量取得了高速钢的发展进步。这些最初的高速钢相对简单，在切削应用中仅取得有限的成功。 在一战期间，英国开发了一种镍钢，其钼含量为4％，他们可以将其硬度硬化到大于63 HRC的数值。这种钢被称为HS钢或高速钢。这种先进的钢与其他合金相结合，允许以更高的性能开发出高速钢。
一战后，公司开始尝试不同元素的组合，包括钨和铬，以创造更强大和更耐用的高速钢。当世纪结束时，许多新的先进型高速钢被开发并建立为行业标准。
高速钢现代的作用是允许加工普通的低合金工具钢无法加工的困难材料。高速钢也可用于切削硬化钢、超合金和陶瓷等材料。高速钢在200°C以上的温度也能保持其硬度，而标准工具钢会开始失去它们的切削边缘。高速钢的卓越性能意味着更少的刀具损耗，这样就可以得到较长的工具寿命。
高速钢的范围是广阔的，包括许多个别等级。每个等级都被设计成具有特定的属性，使它可以用于各种加工和切削应
