The spinning process of silkworm silk or other fibrous organic materials involves a series of processes that transform the raw material into a finished product. These processes can include washing, carding, spinning or twisting, and weaving. Most often, though, the spinning process of turning cocoons into usable thread or yarn starts with a warm water bath to loosen the raw material. This is typically followed by a slow and gentle process of combing the individual fibers to line them up for spinning.
The spinning process begins as the cocoons, of silkworm silk, are placed into hot water for a few minutes to help loosen the raw material. The cocoons are then fished from the tub and the individual fibers are combed gently. The individual fibers that have been combed must be kept separated in order to make the process easier. Once complete, the fiber is then ready for spinning.
In the spinning process, the individual fibers are twisted together. This is typically done by twisting the two fibers between the index finger and thumb of each hand. As the two strands are twisted together, the tension becomes tight and this helps the fibers hold together better. The twisted fibers are then fed onto a spindle and the resulting thread is wound up on a bobbin. This process requires skill, patience, and finesse as the quality of the resulting thread is highly dependent on the spinner.
During the spinning process, the yarn produced is classified in terms of its fineness. If a small diameter thread is desired, the twist ratio must be decreased. If a thick yarn is desired, then the twist ratio must be increased. This is the same concept when producing fibers with a high twist. A higher twist ratio will produce a thicker yarn whereas a lower twist ratio will yield a finer thread. The number of turns per inch (TPI) also helps to determine the weight and strength of the yarn.
Once the yarn is produced, it must be cleaned and dried before use. To clean it, it is necessary to dust off any knots and lint found in the fibers. The yarn is then washed and dried in open air. Once this is complete, the thread can then be used for any number of textile pieces such as clothing, blankets, hats, and more.
Spinning of silkworms silk using a “rotational” method presents a number of advantages compared to traditional spinning techniques. This method allows for even twist distribution and consistency throughout the process, creating stronger and smoother threads. Additionally, the use of a spinning wheel allows the spinner to better control parameters such as twist rate and thread fineness, leading to more consistent and higher quality products. Furthermore, this spinning method is a less time-consuming process compared to the traditional one, and it is the most commonly used to spin the cocoons of silkworms into usable threads.
In conclusion, the spinning process of silkworm silk requires skill and finesse. Once, the individual fibers are prepared, the spinning process involves carefully twisting the fibers together before winding them onto a bobbin. A high rate of skill is needed to make sure the fibers remain properly separated and to ensure the twist ratio and number of TPI is correct. Once made, the thread must be cleaned and dried before use. The rotational method of spinning silkworm silk presents advantages such as even twist distribution, consistency, and more control over parameters. It is the most used spinning method for silkworm silk, and it is necessary for a successful spin.