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Boiler water treatment is a vital part of the operation of any power plant. Proper maintenance of boiler water can help to reduce operating costs while improving boiler efficiency and reliability. This article will explain the importance of boiler water treatment, how it works, and the types of boiler water treatment systems.
The purpose of boiler water treatment is to prevent problems from occurring due to mineral buildup or inefficiency of the system. Boiler water must be kept clean and free of contaminants to ensure optimal functioning of the boiler and related systems. Minerals such as calcium, magnesium, iron, sulfate, silica, and various organic compounds can increase boiler system wear and tear, cause slagging and fouling, loss of boiler efficiency, and even plant shutdowns.
Water treatment is best done using a combination of chemical, physical, and biological processes. Chemical processes can improve and maintain boiler water conditions by removing and controlling mineral content, adjusting water chemistry, and providing protective coatings. Physical processes, such as filtration and demineralization, can be used to remove and reduce suspended solids, reduce hardness, and adjust pH levels. Biological processes are used to reduce levels of bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms that can accumulate and thrive in boiler water.
There are two main types of boiler water treatment systems: closed loop systems and open loop systems. Closed loop systems are designed to control the levels of contaminants in the system. Cooling water is circulated in the closed loop system and then treated, heated steam is added to the cooling water, and then the treated water is returned back to the boiler. Open loop systems are used for larger water treatment needs and are particularly effective in dealing with larger scale water supply needs. In an open loop system, treated water enters the boiler and is then pumped back into the cooling system.
Boiler water treatment systems should be tailored to best suit the particular needs of the power plant. An experienced operations team can assist with choosing the best combination of technologies, chemicals, and services to maximize efficiency and reliability of the boiler system. Boiler treatment must also be regularly monitored and maintained to ensure continued plant operations and efficiency.
Water treatment is necessary to maintain reliable, efficient plant operations and to avoid costly repairs and shutdowns. By understanding the types of processes available, how they work, and the equipment required, power plants can ensure the best possible performance of their boiler systems.
