The process of hardening and tempering steel involves both quenching and tempering. Quenching is a process where the steel is rapidly cooled. This entire process is done in order to reach the desired strength and hardness of the steel. In order to harden and temper steel, it needs to be heated to a temperature which is called the critical temperature. Depending on the particular alloy of the steel, this temperature can vary. Once this temperature is reached, it needs to be quenched to achieve the desired results.
Tempering is a process which is done after quenching. Tempering eliminates any stresses which have been created within the steel as a result of the quenching and allows the steel to be strong yet ductile. The temperatures used for tempering depends on the desired properties which are required from the steel. Depending on the desired results, a different temperature might need to be achieved.
When it comes to hardening and tempering steel, the metallurgist needs to be aware of the risks involved. When steel is quenched, it can become very hard yet brittle. This means that it is extremely fragile and can break very easily. In order to prevent this, the metallurgist needs to take precautions as to how the steel is quenched as well as how it is tempered.
Sometimes, the process of hardening and tempering steel can be done by induction heating, which is a process where an electrical current is passed through the steel in order to heat it. This is a very precise process which can often be more efficient than traditional methods such as gas or flame heating. However, it is still very important to follow the right procedures as not to over or underheat the steel as this can lead to possible cracks or warping.
Overall, hardening and tempering are important processes which are required in order to create tools and objects with the desired strength, hardness and ductility. Both quenching and tempering must be done correctly and with safety in order to ensure the desired results. With the correct knowledge and proper safety precautions, the metallurgist can ensure the desired results in hardening and tempering steel.
