GB 12998-91 Water Quality Sampling Technical Guidance

Sample technique guide of water quality Abstract Water quality is an important indicator of human health and is closely related to human life. In order to better understand the water quality of a certain area and accurately understand the pollutants in the water, sampling is an important step. This article mainly focuses on GB 12998-91 Water Quality Sampling Technique Guide, introducing the contents and definitions, inspection process and sampler operation. Contents and definitions This standard, GB 12998-91, specifies the sampling process, sampling equipment and sample preservation of water sampling surveys, and applicable methods of water quality tests. This guide applies to river water, lake, sea, rainwater and groundwater. In this standard, sampling refers to the activities of obtaining samples from the environment by various process and means, and the obtained samples from this activity is referred to as environmental samples. According to the modified Six Categories for the Collection of Environment Samples of GB 14807-93, the sampling process is divided into 6 categories: manual sampling, automatic sampler, inset sampler, filtration sampler, sediment, sludge and suspended solids collection sampler and a special type of sampler. According to the purpose and characteristics of the sampling survey, the sampler should select the corresponding sampling process. Inspection process The inspection process is divided into 4 parts: 1) Inspect environment factors and water quality conditions; 2) Select sampling process and sample coverage; 3) Draw the sampling plan; 4) Prepare the sampling equipment and supplies. The first step is to inspect the environmental factors and water quality conditions. Before performing the sampling, the inspector should first investigate the environmental factors, investigate the terrain, hydrological and geological conditions, and inspect the water parameters of the water source. The second step is to select the sampling process and sample coverage. After understanding the environmental factors and water quality conditions, the inspector should select the corresponding sampling process according to the sampling objectives, sampling coverage rules and sampling media selection requirements, and determine the sampling depth, sample depth and sample volume. The third step is to draw the sample plan and determine the specific sampling sites and sampling frequencies according to the sampling coverage system. The last step is to prepare the sampling equipment and supplies. According to the sampling plan and the type of sampler, the necessary equipment should be prepared, including the cooler, paddle, sampler and other equipment. Sampler operation According to the sampling technique guide of the specific type of sampler, the sampler should strictly follow the operating procedures. The sampler should wear the corresponding protective clothing before sampling, adjust the parameters of the sampler according to the sampling plan, check the performance of the sampler, perform the pre-sampling calibration and check the airtightness of the sampler. After the sampler competes the sampling procedure, take the sample properly, label the sample in time and store the sample in the prepared container with the corresponding preservative. Conclusion Sampling is an important step to understand the water quality of a certain region, and it is necessary to strictly abide by the sampling standard. GB 12998-91 Water Quality Sampling Technique Guide has specified the sampling process, sampling equipment and sample preservation details, so it is necessary to carefully study the guide and strictly abide by the contents in order to obtain accurate results.