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Titanium Alloys Cutting Processing – Commonly Used Cutting Tool Materials
Titanium alloys are commonly used in the aerospace and automotive industries and have excellent fatigue resistance and corrosion resistance, allowing them to be used in high-temperature and highly corrosive environments. As a result, the use of titanium alloys has surged in recent years.
When it comes to processing titanium alloys, proper tool selection is the key. The choice of tool materials suitable for the specific cutting characteristics of titanium alloys includes cemented carbide, high-speed steel, cubic boron nitride (CBN), and diamond. Cemented carbide has good machinability and abrasion resistance, making it suitable for heavy machining operations. High-speed steel is often recommended for general cutting operations because of its good impact resistance and thermal hardness. CBN and diamond tooling are especially useful for cutting titanium alloys due to their high hardness, wear resistance, and thermal stability.
Cemented carbide tools are the most common tool materials used to cut titanium alloys due to their superb cutting performance and cost effectiveness. When using cemented carbide tools for titanium alloy cutting, it is important to select a tool material with the correct metallurgical structure. Specifically, choosing a cobalt binder or a tungsten/cobalt binder is important for achieving optimum cutting performance. Additionally, using a cobalt binder with an increased cobalt content can reduce tool wear.
High-speed steel is another commonly used tool material for cutting titanium alloys. It offers good chipping resistance and impact resistance owing to its high alloy content, making it suitable for difficult machining operations. In addition, it is more affordable than cemented carbide and has a strong cutting edge.
CBN and diamond tools are the best tool materials for titanium alloy cutting due to their high hardness, wear resistance, and thermal stability. Specifically, CBN and diamond cutting tools can provide higher cutting speeds, increased precision, and better quality of finish on titanium alloy components. Also, they are less prone to tool wear and chip formation, allowing for longer tool life.
In conclusion, when it comes to cutting titanium alloys, cemented carbide, high-speed steel, and CBN/diamond are all suitable tool materials. It is important to select the most appropriate tool material for the application to ensure a successful outcome. Each tool material has its own advantages and disadvantages, and thus choosing the correct one is essential for achieving quality cut surfaces and component tolerances. Tool selection should be based on the cutting characteristics of both the material and the job under consideration.
