Introduction
Titanium alloys are increasingly being used in manufacturing components due to their high strength-to-weight ratio, corrosion resistance and good machinability. Usually, when machining Titanium alloys, special cutting tools and techniques must be used. This article discusses the cutting tools and techniques required for successful CNC turning and milling of a titanium alloy sample.
Turning Titanium Alloy
When CNC turning a titanium alloy, the main consideration is cutting tool selection. High-speed steel (HSS) or carbide tools are recommended for machining titanium alloys, as cobalt and nickel-based alloys can cause excessive wear on the cutting tool edges. Other benefits of HSS/carbide cutting tools are that they are more resistant to chipping and breakage, and they also provide a smooth, consistent cut.
If achievable, higher tool speeds, cutting forces and chip loads should be used when turning titanium alloys to improve the machinability. The benefits of higher cutting speeds include faster cutting speed and improved surface finish. Additionally, high-speed cooling should be used to reduce tool wear and extend tool life. The type of cooling used will depend on the tool geometry and the type of material being machined.
Milling Titanium Alloy
Carbide cutting tools are recommended for milling titanium alloys, although HSS tools can be used in certain applications. When milling Titanium alloys, it is important to use an appropriate cutting geometry, as this can significantly improve the machinability of the material. The cutting geometry should be designed according to the type of tool material and the desired result.
The types of cutting tools used for milling titanium alloys should also be suitable for large chip loads. This is because when milling titanium alloys, larger chip loads can improve the machinability of the material. The cutting speed should also be increased, if possible. High-speed cooling should also be used to reduce tool wear and improve machinability.
Conclusion
Successful CNC turning and milling of titanium alloys requires the use of appropriate cutting tools, cutting geometries, cutting speeds, and high-speed cooling. When selecting cutting tools, it is important to use HSS or carbide tools to ensure a smooth, consistent cut. The cutting geometry should be designed according to the type of tool material and the desired result. High-speed cooling should also be used to reduce tool wear and extend tool life. By using the right cutting tools, geometries and cooling, it is possible to achieve precise, economical CNC turning and milling of titanium alloys.
