Common Textile Machinery in English
Textile machinery is used in the production of clothing, upholstery, carpets, rugs and other fabric products. The textile industry is one of the oldest and wealthiest industries in the world. The industrial revolution in the 17th and 18th centuries saw the mechanisation of the production of textiles, leading to increased efficiency and wider availability of clothes, furnishings and other items. As technology has advanced, the range and complexity of the machinery used in textiles have grown significantly, enabling an ever-increasing level of automation and production speed.
Circular Knitting
Circular knitting is a machinery technique in which a continuous length of yarn is knitted into a tube. This techinque is mainly used for hosiery, lingerie and light weight fabrics. The yarn is passed through a series of needles to create loops that are stitched together to form a piece of fabric. Circular knitting machines are available in both flat and circular bed varieties with depending on the type of fabric being produced. Circular knitting machines allow for a wider range of product shapes and sizes to be created.
Weaving
Weaving is the process of joining two sets of yarn to create a fabric. The two sets of yarn are the warp and the weft. The warp yarns are passed through the loom from the back to the front and then the weft yarn is passed over and under the warp yarns to create the fabric. Weaving machines are available in both manual and automated versions. Automated machines use a combination of air jets, computer and wireless technology to control the movement of the warp and weft yarns producing fabrics with intricate patterns and multi-coloured designs.
Spinning
Spinning is the process of twisting fibres into yarn. Spinning machines use a combination of heat, friction and centrifugal force to turn short fibres into yarn while machines in the industry today can spin a wide range of fibres including natural and synthetic materials. Spinning frames and spinning mules are two of the most commonly used types of spinning machines. The spinning frames are used in the production of finer fabrics such as lace and the spinning mules are typically used for the production of coarser fabrics such as cotton.
Dyeing
The dyeing of fabrics is an important process for giving the fabrics a desired colour. Dyeing machines are available in both manual and automated versions. Manual dyeing machines require a great deal of labour to operate and can be very time consuming while automated dyeing machines allow for faster and more consistent results. Automated dyeing machines typically consist of a vat of dye, a conveyor to move the fabric through the vat and a series of jets to ensure the dye is applied correctly.
Embroidery
Embroidery is the process of creating patterns, images and designs onto fabric. Embroidery machines vary in size and complexity, ranging from those used in home and small-scale businesses to large commercial machines used by large-scale manufacturers. Embroidery machines use a needle to place thread onto the fabric to create the desired designs. Most embroidery machines feature a variety of different stitches, allowing for the production of intricate and detailed designs.
Heat Transfer
Heat transfer is a technique used to apply printed designs onto fabrics. Heat transfer machines are used to place printed designs onto pre-painted or pre-printed fabrics using heat and pressure. Heat transfer machines heat a sheet or roll of printed fabric under pressure to apply the design onto the final fabric. Heat transfer machines are widely used in the printing industry to produce a wide variety of designs on fabrics.
These are just some of the textile machines used in the fabric industry. In addition to these machines, there are a variety of other machines used in the fabric production process including cutting machines, sewing machines, winding and unwinding machines, drying machines and many more. With the advancement of technology, the range of machines available in the textile industry continues to increase, allowing the production of more intricate and detailed products to become more efficient.
