The Wilshire 5000 Total Market Index, more commonly known as the Wilshire 5000, is a stock market index measuring the performance of the 5000 companies included in that index. It is a broad, market-capitalization weighted index and one of the most widely followed and quoted equity benchmark indices in the world.
The Wilshire 5000 was first launched in 1974 and its original base value was set at 100. Ever since its inception, the Wilshire 5000 has grown to become a widely used index for gauging the stock market performance of publicly traded companies in the U.S. The Wilshire 5000 Total Market Index is the U.S. equivalent of the worlds most popular stock market indices like the S&P 500, Dow Jones Industrial Average, and the NASDAQ Composite Index.
One of the main features of the Wilshire 5000 Total Market Index is that it includes almost all of the actively trading stocks in the U.S. As of 2019, the Wilshire 5000 includes around 3,484 publicly traded companies, up from 3,616 in 2017. Wilshire 5000 tracks the performance of all of these companies, regardless of their stock market capitalization size. The Dow Jones Industrial Average, on the other hand, only comprises a selection of top 30 large-cap stocks.
Another advantage of the Wilshire 5000 Index is that it is comprehensive in its method of indexing. The index incorporates both small-cap companies that are traded on smaller stock exchanges as well as mid-cap and large-cap stocks that are found on major market exchanges. This allows for more diversification when analysing the stock market performance of U.S. stocks.
The Wilshire 5000 has been heavily used by investment professionals over the years as a sub-index to measure the overall performance of the U.S. stock market. Often referred to as Total Market index, the Wilshire 5000 provides investors with a way of measuring the overall performance of U.S. stock market. By taking into account all of the actively trading stocks of which there are thousands it provides investors with a much more detailed look at the stock market performance of U.S. Stocks.
However, the Wilshire 5000 Total Market Index is not without its controversies. The index is well-known for its low liquidity and high volatility, which make it a difficult index to invest in. In addition, some critics argue that the index is heavily influenced by the stock prices of the larger companies which are often included in the top 100.
Nevertheless, the Wilshire 5000 is an important benchmark for U.S. stock market performance. It provides investors with a holistic understanding of the U.S. stock market and offers more diversification than other benchmark indices which only focus on a select few large-cap companies. As such, it remains a popular index for investors seeking to gain a comprehensive view of the U.S. stock market from a single source.