Vacuum and Vacuum Treatment Principles
Vacuum is one of the most common concepts in many scientific and industrial applications. In order to better understand the physical and chemical processes, it is necessary to understand the nature of the vacuum and the principles of vacuum processing.
Definition of Vacuum
Vacuum refers to the state of space containing few or no particles, either gaseous or solid. It is a condition in which pressure is near zero, and this is a condition of near absolute zero of pressure. Vacuum is usually expressed in terms of the pressure in some predetermined unit at the base, such as millibar (mbar), bar or Pascal, 1 Pascal is about 0.01 mbar. The pressure of atmospheric pressure at sea level is 1 bar, about 100,000 Pa. From a physical point of view, vacuum is the end result when a gas is removed from a certain space. In a strict sense, an absolute vacuum state refers to an absolute vacuum state, which is defined as a space without any particles, whether gaseous or solid. This absolute vacuum state is rarely found in nature, and it can only be achieved in the laboratory.
Principles of Vacuum Processing
The fundamental principle of vacuum processing is to reduce the pressure inside a container to a certain pressure by means of a pumping device, thus creating a vacuum state. In the vacuum processing, the main purpose is to create a vacuum state, and then promote the physical and chemical processes in the vacuum condition. The most common type of vacuum processes is either a batch process or a continuous process.
In a batch process, the device is only partially filled with a material and then evacuated by a pump to create a vacuum inside. This process is suitable for processing a small amount of material, such as the evaporation of a material from its liquid or solid state. The process is usually fast and efficient and usually one-time, so it is usually referred to as a one-shot process.
In a continuous process, the device is continuously filled with the material and then evacuated by a pump to create a vacuum. This process is suitable for processing a large amount of materials, and it usually produces a continuous stream of products. The continuous process is usually used for large-scale industrial processes such as vacuum drying, vacuum distillation, vacuum degassing, and so on.
In the vacuum treatment process, the parameters need to be adjusted according to the characteristics of the target material and the process requirements, so as to achieve the desired characteristics. Common factors affecting the vacuum processing process include the pressure, temperature, flow rate and type of vacuum equipment used, as well as the material characteristics.
In conclusion, vacuum is an important concept in many scientific and industrial applications. Vacuum refers to space with a near-zero pressure and nearly absolute zero of pressure, and vacuum processing is the process of pumping out the gas in the container to reduce the pressure inside the container and then processing materials under the vacuum condition. To get the best results in vacuum processing, the parameters need to be correctly adjusted based on the characteristics of the material and the process requirements.
