How to Detect Bearing and Shaft Matching
1. Introduction
Whether it is a machine tool or other machinery, the bearing and shaft matching accuracy of the rotating parts have a great impact on its performance and service life. Because sealing and lubrication problems caused by the contact between two components will affect the working efficiency and shorten the service life of the machine itself. For this reason, before the machine is put into use, correct bearing selection and correct installation are very important. The detection of bearing and shaft matching is one of the important steps in the bearing installation process. This article will introduce the methods for detecting bearing and shaft matching.
2. Purposes of Shaft and Bearing Matching Detection
The common purpose of the detection of shaft and bearing matching is three aspects:
(1) Check the size of the shaft and determine whether it is suitable for the bearing.
(2) To detect whether the installation surface and the assembly fit of the bearing are correct;
(3) Identify whether the interface is rectangular, whether there is an undercut, or whether the flange, chamfer and cone have been processed.
The basic requirements of shaft and bearing matching detection are basically not time consuming, thus ensuring the quality of assembly, and making the bearing work stably and reliably.
3. Methods of Shaft and Bearing Matching Detection
(1) Visual inspection
visual inspection is the most direct and simple way to check the shaft and bearing matching. It mainly examines the installation surface, the fit and the size of the installed bearing. If there is no better inspection equipment, it is suitable for the installation of small and cheap bearings.
(2) Ring gauge method
The ring gauge method is suitable for the outer diameter of small shafts. According to the size of the shaft, select the ring gauge and calibration block with the matching size to measure. When measuring the matching accuracy between the outer diameter of the shaft and the inner diameter of the bearing, a few simple surveying instruments can be used, such as micrometers, concentricity micrometers and calipers.
(3) Gauge block method
Mainly measure the roundness, conicity, parallelism and straightness of the shaft. Its feature is that it can detect the combined discrepancy for many holes at the same time and eliminate the error caused by the force deformation. In addition, this method can be used to measure the beating of two shafts or several bearings.
(4) Surface plate method
The surface plate method is suitable for checking the bearing and shaft matching of the component coupling interface. The roughness and conicality of the component’s coupling surface, as well as the reciprocal relationship, can be roughly judged. Besides, the gauge block method can also be used to measure the concentricity of the shaft and bearing.
(5) Rounding Detection
The radius of the mating surface between the shaft and the bearing can also affect the sealing effect. When large errors occur, the bearing and shaft matching cannot be completed. Therefore, it is necessary to measure the roundness. In order to detect the roundness of the shaft, properly profiling or boring the bearing and shaft interface can be used.
4. Conclusion
In conclusion, the above contents summarize the methods for detecting bearing and shaft matching. Before installing the bearing, verifying the accuracy of bearing and shaft matching is very important. Furthermore, proper detection methods should be chosen according to actual conditions and the types of components. Improper detection will not only affect the sealing effect and bearing life, but may also result in other potential safety hazards. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct shaft and bearing matching inspection correctly and correctly.
