Static Property Tax
Static property tax is a form of taxation that is levied on the value of certain types of real property. Generally, this tax is assessed by local or regional governments on the basis of stated land value, building or structure value, or combination of both. This type of tax carries importance to regional governments because it is one of the most reliable sources of revenue. In addition, static property tax provides local governments direct control over taxation of local real property, allowing them to decide the rate and tax base.
In the United States, most localities collect static property tax to finance the public services they are mandated to provide. Examples of these services include the maintenance of public roads, fund public schools, pay for fire and police protection, and support libraries, parks, and other community programs. The amount of static property tax generated from a particular real property can vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction. Generally, taxation is based on the combined value of land and improvements, if any. In some instances, the taxing authority excludes a certain portion of the value of the property from taxation.
The payment of static property tax is typically mandatory for those who owb property, regardless if the owner is renting out or selling the property. However, the amount of static property tax liability may be reduced in certain circumstances, such as when the tax assessment base is taken as a percentage of the market value of the property or when the property owner qualifies for exemptions or abatements. Typically, tax abatements can be granted to property owners who are elderly or disabled, low-income homeowners, or homeowners who are subject to a sudden decrease in their property value.
In certain jurisdictions, static property tax payments are due periodically, such as quarterly or annually. Property owners who fail to pay their tax liabilities may face a range of consequences, such as the imposition of a penalty or an adverse judgment in a tax foreclosure proceeding. Some may also face criminal sanctions for their failure to timely pay the amount due. Additionally, local government entities have the authority to sell real property if delinquent payments are not received.
Once assessed, the rate of static property tax imposed by a county, city, or district is determined by the localitys governing body. Generally, rates are established to ensure that sufficient tax revenues are collected to fund essential public services. Rates also are established to allow for public service growth, avoid shifting the burden of taxation to other taxpayers, and remain competitive with neighboring jurisdictions. Additionally, the localitys governing body is tasked to reassess the value of the property periodically to reflect any changes in the propertys market value.
In sum, static property tax is an important source of revenue for local and regional governments. It is based on the combined value of land and improvements, if any, and is generally imposed by county, city, or district on the ownership of property. Property owners who fail to pay their tax liabilities may face a range of consequences, including the imposition of a penalty or an adverse judgment in a tax foreclosure action.