Universal Tool Milling Machine Technology Parameters
The universal tool milling machine is a horizontal machining center with a CNC system and computer controlled operation, used mainly in the production of precision machined parts and components. It is one of the most common and most versatile tools in the metalworking industry.
The universal tool milling machine functions by the principle of exact contouring with a specific tapered cutting tool. This machining process permits the production of fully formed pieces with complex profiles having precise dimensional tolerances. In order to achieve the desired results, a set of preset cutting geometries is programmed into the machines controls and can be changed from time to time as needed.
The universal tool milling machine commonly utilizes a number of different types of cutting tools. These may include:
• High Speed Steel (HSS) Cutting Tools – HSS tools are general purpose cutting tools used for a wide variety of applications in the machining industry. They are usually made from high grade tempered and hardened tool steel, and are typically used for rough cutting, routing and gauging operations.
• Solid Carbide Cutting Tools – Solid carbide tools are extremely robust and hard cutting tools primarily used in the high efficiency machining of difficult-to-cut materials. They are often used when a large number of pieces need to be machined in relatively short periods of time.
• Insert Cutters – Insert cutters are metal cutting tools used in production milling machines which offer higher speeds, repeatability and performance than HSS or carbide cutting tools.
The universal tool milling machine typically contains a number of adjustable components in order to optimize cutting. These include the tool holder, spindle speed, feed rate, coolant systems, and backlash compensation.
The tool holder, in particular, is responsible for ensuring the stability of the cutting tool by securely holding it in the spindle. It is available in a wide range of sizes and shapes to accommodate tools of various lengths, diameters and tapers.
The speed of the spindle is important in controlling the quality of the finished part. It is adjustable to achieve the most optimum cutting results. The rate of the tool feed is also adjustable and can be adjusted to suit the specific cutting needs of the application.
The coolant system serves the important function of keeping the cutting edge cool during cutting, thus preventing the tool from overheating and burning the workpiece.
Backlash compensation typically consists of a mechanical or hydraulic system that compensates for the effect of the constant tilt of the tool head when changing the spindle speed or feed rate.
The universal tool milling machine provides a great deal of flexibility and can be used for a wide range of industrial and manufacturing applications. By utilizing a combination of the adjustable parameters discussed above and appropriate cutting tools, the machine can produce parts of the highest accuracy and quality.
