Classification, Composition and Application of CNC Lathe
CNC lathe is a kind of automatic machine tool with computer digital control system. It can process round or conical surfaces, end faces, grooves, holes and other forms of rotary surface with limited size parts. It is suitable for batch processing and single piece batch processing of relatively complex parts.
Classification of CNC lathe
CNC lathe can be divided into CNC turning Lathe, CNC drilling and tapping Lathe, CNC milling and turning Lathe, CNC boring and milling Lathe, CNC turret Lathe, CNC coordinate Lathe, CNC double spindle Lathe and so on according to the different type and complexity of its processing technology.
Composition of CNC lathes
CNC lathes are composed of machine tool base, spindle box, tailstock, bed rail, tool rack, cutting fluid supply system, cooling system, lubrication system, numerical control system and electrical control system.
The part of the machine tool base includes the bed, saddle, headstock and balance wheel base.
The CNC lathe spindle box includes the spindle, spindle motor, transmission system and bearing structure, etc.
The tailstock of the CNC lathe is composed of a cylindrical body, a lead screw, a plunger and a tailstock spindle.
The bed rails of CNC lathes are usually made of high-strength casting iron, and are usually equipped with a number of guide rails and guide posts to guide the saddle movement.
The tool rack of a CNC lathe is a standard integral structure, mounted on the machine bed.
The CNC lathe cutting fluid supply system includes the lubrication system and the cooling system. The lubrication system is used to reduce the abrasive wear between the metal parts, reduce heat during the cutting process, prolong tool life and improve workpiece surface finish. The cooling system uses cutting fluid to cool the cutting edge and the workpiece, reduce the surface roughness of the workpiece and protect the cutting tool.
The numerical control system is the “brain” of the CNC lathe. It is mainly composed of numerical control unit, input panel, output panel and operation panel.
The electrical control system consists of an AC servo system, an AC frequency converter, power supply, PU pressing switch, DC servo system and a DC frequency converter.
Applications of CNC lathes
CNC lathes are widely used in general mechanical processing, automotive industry, aerospace industry, tool and die industry, petrochemical industry, medical equipment industry and other industries. For example, combustion engines, aerospace turbochargers, diesel engines, marine engine parts, valves, vanes, pumps, connectors, medical implant devices and so on.
CNC lathe technology can process complex and precise parts with high precision, repeatability and accuracy. In particular, it has a high degree of automation and stability, which can reduce the labor intensity and improve the production efficiency. At the same time, the CNC lathe has high machining precision and good surface quality of parts, which is unmatched by traditional lathes.
