Analysis of Faults in CNC Machine Tool
CNC machine tool is increasingly used in manufacturing and machining industry, so in daily use, the failure of components or equipment of the CNC machine tool will be encountered. Only by mastering the common fault characteristics of CNC machine tool and analyzing the cause of failure, then the fault can be eliminated and the CNC machine tool can be used normally.
In general, the common faults of CNC machine tools can be divided into three parts: electrical system faults, mechanical system faults and programming system faults.
First, the electrical system faults generally include power supply failure, servo drive fault as well as the electromechanical integration device fault caused by wrong wiring or dangerous action. As for the power supply failure, it will cause CNC machine tool unable to work. Therefore, it is necessary to check the voltage of power supply output and replace the fuse. For servo drive fault, it should be checked out whether the main axis origin is normal to accurately judge the cause of failure. In addition, if the electromechanical integration device fault is caused by wrong wiring, it needs to re-check the wiring.
Second, the mechanical system failure mainly includes mechanical gap, overload of axes or spindle and improper fixture clamping. When dealing with mechanical gap, the adjustment of model coordinates needs to be done; overload of axes or spindle refers to too much workload. The operator should reduce the cutting speed or adjust the direction of the spindle axis; improper clamping of fixture will lead to inaccurate machining when cutting, in this case, the main axis positioning needs to be adjusted again.
Finally, the programming system fault mainly refers to the writing error of the NC program, which is caused by human operation. So it is very important to read the program once more before machining to avoid errors such as writing code wrong.
Through understanding and masters of the above common fault characteristics of the CNC machine tool and fault analysis in daily use, it can prevent the fault efficiently and ensure its normal work.
After understanding the common fault characteristics and the cause of faults of CNC machine tool, you should pay attention to the following points when using it:
1. Pre-normal operation
To ensure normal operation, before starting the machine, it is necessary to carry out a comprehensive inspection of the whole machine and the electrical system, and check whether the parts are firmly connected, whether the wiring is correct, and so on.
2. Strictly follow the correct installation order
When installing the whole machine, the wiring, installation, programming and debugging should be carried out strictly following the correct installation order, and mechanical problems must also be taken into account.
3. Divide the whole process clearly
In the whole machining process, each process should complete the machining procedures in order, and all processes should be complete, so that the machining accuracy can be guaranteed.
4. Keep good CNC machine tool operation
To ensure the normal operation of the CNC machine tool, it is necessary to regularly check and clean the machine and the electrical system. At the same time, pay attention to some small details, especially for the point of lubrication, it must be frequently checked and oiled.
To sum up, it is necessary to operate the CNC machine tool correctly, maintenance it carefully and pay attention to other details. Only in this way, it can ensure its normal operation.
