This article is an overview of the GB/T1717-1998 specification for refining steel using pig iron. First, it explains the different types of pig iron available for use and the various refining processes that can be employed to create steel of different grades. Next, it discusses the quality requirements for each type of pig iron and steel, as well as the allowable limits of variation in sulfur and phosphorus contents. Finally, the article concludes with a summary of the advantages and disadvantages of using this standard for refining steel.
Pig iron is a basic raw material for steel production. Its chemical composition typically includes 95–98 % iron, 1.5–3 % carbon, 0.3–1 % manganese, 0.2–0.5 % silicon, and trace amounts of sulfur and phosphorus. This type of iron is relatively soft and malleable, making it easier to shape than some other varieties. Depending on the grade and intended application, pig iron can be found in either lump or ingot form.
The GB/T1717-1998 standard sets out the requirements for refining pig iron into steel. There are three general approaches: basic oxygen furnace (BOF) steelmaking, electric arc furnace (EAF) steelmaking, and advanced direct reduced iron (ADRI) steelmaking. These methods differ in terms of energy and raw material efficiency, as well as the quality of the finished product.
To meet the requirements of GB/T1717-1998, the chemical composition of the pig iron must adhere to certain limits. Specifically, the sulfur and phosphorus contents must not exceed 0.07 % and 0.04 %, respectively. The standard also specifies maximum variations in the chemical composition of the steel produced with each refining method. For example, BOF steel is limited to a maximum sulfur of 0.06 % and a maximum phosphorus of 0.03 %.
The GB/T1717-1998 standard has the advantage of establishing universal quality requirements for pig iron and steel produced by refining companies around the world. This creates a more level playing field and encourages competition, which could lead to cheaper and better-quality products—a win-win situation for everyone involved in the steelmaking industry. However, it should also be noted that this standard has its disadvantages, such as potential violations of safety regulations and a general lack of flexibility in terms of customization.
In conclusion, the GB/T1717-1998 specification provides a basic set of quality requirements for refining steel using pig iron. It sets forth limits on the acceptable sulfur and phosphorus contents of both the pig iron and steel and outlines the maximum variations in chemical composition allowable with each refining method. While there are some drawbacks to this standard, its biggest advantage lies in establishing a global standard for production and quality that encourages competition among refining companies, which could lead to better products at lower prices.
