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Coal gas is a type of fuel gas derived from coal. It is composed mostly of methane and carbon monoxide, and is used as a fuel for cooking, heating, and industrial processes.
The process of producing coal gas involves the conversion of coal into a gaseous state. This process was first developed in the early 19th century and is still used today in many parts of the world. The process involves heating the coal in an air-tight chamber, called a retort, over an open fire. As the coal is heated, it gives off a mixture of combustible gases, including methane and carbon monoxide. The gas is then collected and stored in a gasometer and piped to where it was needed.
Coal gas is a much cleaner burning fuel than burning coal alone, as the combustion process removes much of the sulfur and other pollutants that would be released during the burning of coal. The process of making coal gas is also quite efficient, as only about 15-25% of the energy present in the coal is lost during the gasification process.
Coal gas has been used in various applications throughout the world for centuries. In the 19th century, it was used extensively as a lighting fuel in both houses and businesses. In the latter half of the 20th century, it became mostly replaced by natural gas and electricity, although it is still used in some parts of the world, especially in the developing countries.
Coal gas is widely used in countries such as China, India and Russia, as it is relatively inexpensive, readily available and considered a reliable source of energy. It is still widely used for cooking, heating and even for running small generators for electricity.
Coal gas has some disadvantages, as it does produce pollutants, although these are not as bad as those from burning coal itself. Also, the production process requires some specialized equipment and can be costly.
Overall, coal gas can still be an important and useful source of energy in many parts of the world, especially in rural areas. It is relatively inexpensive, is safe to use and can provide a variety of important uses. As the availability of natural gas or electricity is not always guaranteed in rural areas, it can be the only option for providing much needed energy.
