Grey income is an income from illegal activities like bribery, fraud, illegal transactions and other activities related to corruption and crime. These activities have been going on for quite some time in China, but have typically been ignored and downplayed. However, in recent years, the more open and transparent economic environment has allowed grey income to come to the forefront as a possible driving force behind rising housing prices in the country.
In recent years, Chinese officials have recently taken urgent steps to combat grey income. Several high ranking official have even been convicted of receiving and laundering money from such activities. The Chinese government is hoping that these steps will help to protect the housing market from unsustainable levels of price inflation, and reduce the amount of money being put into schemes which enrich corrupt officials and businesses.
Research indicates that a significant proportion of the money spent on construction of housing in some areas might not come from traditional sources, but from the infamous ‘grey income’. Grey income has typically been referred to as ‘dark profits’, as it is illicitly obtained through corrupt means. While these activities may have been going on for many years, it is only now being recognised as a factor which might be contributing to the ever increasing housing prices in some parts of the country.
Money obtained through grey income can be used to purchase property in areas which are heavily sought after by potential home buyers, in order to manipulate a monopoly over the property market. This has been suggested as explanation for why housing prices in certain areas remain stagnant or increase very little, despite a decrease in demand. This happens when speculators use their considerable financial leverage to corner the local markets, by keeping prices artificially high and preventing them from fluctuating.
The perpetuation of grey income in China is a clear indication of the lack of regulation and enforcement of anti-corruption laws, particularly when it comes to the housing market. A number of recent reports suggest that grey income plays a key role in the activities of real estate developers, especially those located in major cities. In some cases, the developers have been able to pay off local governments so that they can boost their profits by selling apartments at higher and more attractive prices.
While the exact amount of money from grey income which has been laundered through the housing market remains unknown, it would be safe to say that it has had a significant impact. This can be seen in the persistent issues of market manipulation, insider trading and high transaction costs, with grey income acting as the main catalyst for many of these issues. This suggests that these activities are probably responsible for a significant portion of the inflated housing prices.
In conclusion, grey income has had a major impact on the Chinese housing market. This has resulted in higher housing prices due to market manipulation and speculation on behalf of property developers, artificially driving up prices. The Chinese government has taken steps to enforce anti-corruption legislation in order to reduce the amount of money being laundered through the housing market. However, a major problem remains in that grey income is still a factor which is driving market prices, and will therefore continue to pose a risk to the stability of the market in the future.