Influence of Bearing Structure on Vibration and Noise
Introduction
Bearing structure plays a vital role in damping vibration and reducing noise during the operation of rotary machinery. The bearings are a component of machine tools, and the bearing performance, structure and design determine the operating efficiency and life of the machine, but also determine its performance in aspects such as vibration, noise, temperature and fatigue. Therefore, the influence of bearing structure on vibration and noise should be studied in depth.
Bearings and Vibration
Bearings are an unavoidable and important component in many end-use products and components. It is known that the instability of the bearing operation will result in vibration, which in turn can generate harmful noise.
The operation of a bearing is essentially the relative sliding of two solid surfaces. The instability of this type of surface contact can cause the formation of relative vibration, which leads to the bearing vibration.
During the operation of the bearing, this vibration is mainly caused by the relative sliding of the surface contact and the transmission of the vibration from the drive part to the bearing. In addition, due to the excitation of higher and lower harmonic components, frequency resonance, interference of vibration, torsional vibration due to machine imbalance and other factors, the bearing vibration is sometimes very severe.
From the above, it can be seen that the bearing itself is the source of bearing vibration, which affects the vibration of the whole machine.
Structural Influence on Vibration and Noise
The surface contact of bearing components is an important cause of vibration, and the surface contact of bearing components can usually be improved by improving the bearing structure.
The design of the bearing structure can effectively reduce the generation of vibration, reduce transmission and resonance effect, and can control and improve the performance of the vibration source by making the bearing surface regular, increasing the damping of the bearing structure, and changing the stiffness of the bearing.
The bearing structure is also related to the noise generated during the bearing operation. The amount of noise generated during the operation of this type of bearing depends mainly on the presence of resonances between the bearing and the shaft due to the vibration of the bearing components. If the structure of the bearings parts can be appropriately improved, the noise generated can be effectively reduced.
Vibration and Noise Reduction Technology
The goal of reducing vibration and noise is to separate the vibration sources from the surrounding medium. Generally, some vibration damping materials and soundproofing materials are used to separate the vibration sources from the surrounding medium, so as to reduce the vibration caused by the mechanical structure and the noise generated by the acoustic radiation.
The materials mainly used for shock absorption are rubber plates, cork plates, rubber gaskets, felt pads and other soft materials. When the material has good resilient characteristics, it can effectively reduce the vibration and noise. The sound-absorbing materials mainly consist of various porous materials, such as porous cork, macromolecular material fleece, sound-absorbing cotton and sound-absorbing foam rubber, which can effectively reduce the noise generated by reflecting and interfering sound.
Conclusion
Bearing structure plays a vital role in damping vibration and reducing noise. In addition to improving the bearing design and structure, vibration and noise reduction technologies such as shock absorption materials and sound-absorbing materials can also be used to reduce vibration and noise. It is hoped that the application of the above methods can achieve the desired effect of reducing vibration and noise.
