Carbon Tool Steels
Carbon tool steels are materials which are mainly composed of iron and carbon. Carbon tool steels are typically divided into two groups, namely low carbon and high carbon steels.
The percentage of carbon content in low carbon steels or cold-work steels range from 0.25 - 0.45%. The JIS designation for this type of steel is SKS (special-purpose tool steel). These steels, although strong and hard, can be easily machined and formed. Also, they can be hardened and tempered by heat treatment to attain maximum strength and hardness. They are usually used in making parts for machines and tools such as punches, cutting blades, dies, taps, etc.
High carbon tool steels usually have a carbon content in the range of 0.45 - 0.95%. They are much more difficult to machine and form. They also have a high level of shock and abrasion resistance making them suitable for applications where high strength and durability are required such as chisels, drill bits, twist drills, reamers, etc.
Carbon tool steels are useful because they are considerably cheaper and more readily available than other specialty steels such as alloy and stainless steels. However, they must be protected from corrosion with some form of coating or protective treatment such as galvanizing, phosphating, bluing, etc. Therefore, it is important to consider the intended application before deciding to use carbon tool steels.
Carbon tool steels are available in a wide variety of grades to suit different goals and conditions. Some common grades include T-10, W-2 and A-2, among others. Each grade has different chemical compositions and properties, so it is important to be familiar with the specifications of each grade to select the most suitable material for any given application. Some common applications of carbon tool steels include shear blades, knives, chisels and cold punches.
Overall, carbon tool steels are widely used in manufacturing and engineering since they offer a variety of benefits like durability, strength, and cost-effectiveness. It is important to select the right grade of carbon tool steel depending on the intended application, exposure environment and mechanical properties required to ensure the optimal performance and life of the part.
